Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Patients with incurable cancer should receive general palliative care according to their needs, as provided through collaboration between hospital departments, municipalities, and general practices and as outlined in national guidelines. However, the implementation of general palliative care in Denmark has been inadequate. This study aimed to investigate the healthcare professionals\' (HCPs\') perceptions on barriers to and facilitators of the implementation of the Danish National Guideline (NG) for general palliative care.
METHODS: This descriptive, qualitative study was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Qualitative focus group and individual interviews were conducted with 23 HCPs. The interview guide, coding, analysis, and reporting of findings were developed within the CFIR framework.
RESULTS: The main barriers to implementing NG were as follows: lack of knowledge about the NG, lack of an implementation plan, and insufficient communication and collaboration across sectors. Important facilitators were as follows: HCP motivation to meet palliative care needs, HCPs with special functions taking responsibility for incorporating NG into local guidelines, and the role of district nurses specialised in palliative care as opinion leaders providing security and continuity for the HCPs working in palliative care.
CONCLUSIONS: To address the needs of patients with incurable cancer, greater efforts are required on implementing general palliative care. Although HCPs in our setting were motivated to improve NG implementation, financial resources and strategies are necessary to ensure sufficient knowledge uptake and accommodate identified barriers in order to translate the NG into practice.
METHODS: This descriptive, qualitative study was guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Qualitative focus group and individual interviews were conducted with 23 HCPs. The interview guide, coding, analysis, and reporting of findings were developed within the CFIR framework.
RESULTS: The main barriers to implementing NG were as follows: lack of knowledge about the NG, lack of an implementation plan, and insufficient communication and collaboration across sectors. Important facilitators were as follows: HCP motivation to meet palliative care needs, HCPs with special functions taking responsibility for incorporating NG into local guidelines, and the role of district nurses specialised in palliative care as opinion leaders providing security and continuity for the HCPs working in palliative care.
CONCLUSIONS: To address the needs of patients with incurable cancer, greater efforts are required on implementing general palliative care. Although HCPs in our setting were motivated to improve NG implementation, financial resources and strategies are necessary to ensure sufficient knowledge uptake and accommodate identified barriers in order to translate the NG into practice.
摘要：
目的：无法治愈的癌症患者应根据需要接受一般姑息治疗，通过医院部门之间的合作提供，市政当局,和一般做法，并在国家准则中概述。然而,一般姑息治疗在丹麦的实施是不够的.这项研究旨在调查医疗保健专业人员（HCPs）对实施一般姑息治疗的丹麦国家准则（NG）的障碍和促进者的看法。
方法：这是描述性的，定性研究以实施研究综合框架(CFIR)为指导。对23个HCP进行了定性焦点小组和个人访谈。采访指南,编码,分析,和调查结果报告是在CFIR框架内制定的。
结果：实施NG的主要障碍如下：缺乏有关NG的知识，缺乏实施计划，各部门之间的沟通和协作不足。重要的促进者如下：HCP满足姑息治疗需求的动机，具有特殊职能的HCP负责将NG纳入当地准则，以及专门从事姑息治疗的地区护士作为意见领袖的角色，为姑息治疗的HCP提供安全性和连续性。
结论：为了满足无法治愈的癌症患者的需求，在实施一般姑息治疗方面需要付出更大的努力。尽管我们的环境中的HCP有动机改善NG的实施，财政资源和战略是必要的，以确保足够的知识吸收和适应已确定的障碍，以便将NG转化为实践。
方法：这是描述性的，定性研究以实施研究综合框架(CFIR)为指导。对23个HCP进行了定性焦点小组和个人访谈。采访指南,编码,分析,和调查结果报告是在CFIR框架内制定的。
结果：实施NG的主要障碍如下：缺乏有关NG的知识，缺乏实施计划，各部门之间的沟通和协作不足。重要的促进者如下：HCP满足姑息治疗需求的动机，具有特殊职能的HCP负责将NG纳入当地准则，以及专门从事姑息治疗的地区护士作为意见领袖的角色，为姑息治疗的HCP提供安全性和连续性。
结论：为了满足无法治愈的癌症患者的需求，在实施一般姑息治疗方面需要付出更大的努力。尽管我们的环境中的HCP有动机改善NG的实施，财政资源和战略是必要的，以确保足够的知识吸收和适应已确定的障碍，以便将NG转化为实践。
