Abstract：
Dorsal root ganglia (DRG), trigeminal ganglia (TG), other sensory ganglia, and autonomic ganglia may be injured by some test article classes, including anti-neoplastic chemotherapeutics, adeno-associated virus-based gene therapies, antisense oligonucleotides, nerve growth factor inhibitors, and aminoglycoside antibiotics. This article reviews ganglion anatomy, cytology, and pathology (emphasizing sensory ganglia) among common nonclinical species used in assessing product safety for such test articles (TAs). Principal histopathologic findings associated with sensory ganglion injury include neuron degeneration, necrosis, and/or loss; increased satellite glial cell and/or Schwann cell numbers; and leukocyte infiltration and/or inflammation. Secondary nerve fiber degeneration and/or glial reactions may occur in nerves, dorsal spinal nerve roots, spinal cord (dorsal and occasionally lateral funiculi), and sometimes the brainstem. Ganglion findings related to TA administration may result from TA exposure and/or trauma related to direct TA delivery into the central nervous system or ganglia. In some cases, TA-related effects may need to be differentiated from a spectrum of artifactual and/or spontaneous background changes.
摘要：
背根神经节(DRG),三叉神经节(TG),其他感觉神经节,自主神经节可能会受到一些测试物品类别的伤害，包括抗肿瘤化疗药物,基于腺相关病毒的基因疗法，反义寡核苷酸,神经生长因子抑制剂，和氨基糖苷类抗生素.本文回顾了神经节解剖学，细胞学,和病理学（强调感觉神经节）中常见的非临床物种用于评估此类测试物品（TA）的产品安全性。与感觉神经节损伤相关的主要组织病理学发现包括神经元变性，坏死,和/或损失；卫星神经胶质细胞和/或雪旺氏细胞数量增加；和白细胞浸润和/或炎症。继发性神经纤维变性和/或神经胶质反应可能发生在神经，脊髓背侧神经根,脊髓（背侧和偶尔的侧索），有时是脑干。与TA施用相关的神经节发现可能是由于TA暴露和/或与将TA直接递送到中枢神经系统或神经节相关的创伤。在某些情况下,TA相关的影响可能需要与一系列人为和/或自发的背景变化区分开。
