Abstract：
Reaching urban poor populations poses challenges for equitable immunization coverage. Furthermore, COVID disrupted routine immunization services. In Mumbai, India, first dose diphtheria tetanus pertussis containing vaccine (DTPCV1)coverage dropped from 88% (2019) to 76% (2021). We identified and characterized 125 zero-dose (those withoutDTPCV1)migrant children in urban Mumbai in October 2022. Almost half were born elsewhere than Mumbai; 53% resided at their present location for less than a year. More than half were 12-59 months of age, well-beyond the age for first routine childhood immunizations.Three of four zero dose children had received birth dose vaccination in the hospital; but failed to receive DTPCV1. Vaccine hesitancy, awareness gaps and operational issues were common reasons for non-vaccination. Despite frequent visits to health facilities for illness,only a third of facility staff asked or advised parents about vaccination.Missed opportunities were much more common in private than government facilities.For the vast majority (88%), residential sites were included in local routine immunization micro-plans and distances to immunization sites were short (less than 1 km for 94 % of families).However, planned session frequency was inadequate half of the time. Expanded efforts to reach migrant urban poor children are needed to ensure vaccine equity.
摘要：
达到城市贫困人口对公平免疫覆盖率构成挑战。此外，COVID扰乱了常规免疫服务。在孟买,印度,第一剂白喉破伤风百日咳疫苗(DTPCV1)覆盖率从88%(2019年)下降至76%(2021年).我们于2022年10月在孟买城市确定并表征了125个零剂量（没有DTPCV1的）移民儿童。几乎一半出生在孟买以外的地方；53％的人在目前的位置居住不到一年。超过一半的人年龄在12-59个月，远远超过第一次常规儿童免疫接种的年龄。四个零剂量儿童中有三个在医院接受了出生剂量疫苗接种；但未能接受DTPCV1。疫苗犹豫，认识差距和操作问题是不接种疫苗的常见原因.尽管经常去医疗机构生病，只有三分之一的设施工作人员询问或建议父母接种疫苗。与政府设施相比，错过的机会在私人领域更为普遍。绝大多数（88%）当地常规免疫微计划包括居民点,且到免疫点的距离较短(94%的家庭不到1公里).然而,计划的会议频率不足一半。为了确保疫苗的公平性，需要扩大努力，以覆盖城市贫困儿童。
