Abstract：
Several recent advances in gynecologic cancer care have improved patient outcomes. These include national screening and vaccination programs for cervical cancer as well as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for ovarian cancer. Conversely, these advances have cumulatively reduced surgical opportunities for training creating a need to supplement existing training strategies with evidence-based adjuncts. Technologies such as virtual reality and augmented reality, if properly evaluated and validated, have transformative potential to support training. Given the changing landscape of surgical training in gynecologic oncology, we were keen to summarize the evidence underpinning current training in gynecologic oncology.In this review, we undertook a literature search of Medline, Google, Google Scholar, Embase and Scopus to gather evidence on the current state of training in gynecologic oncology and to highlight existing evidence on the best methods to teach surgical skills. Drawing from the experiences of other surgical specialties we examined the use of training adjuncts such as cadaveric dissection, animation and 3D models as well as simulation training in surgical skills acquisition. Specifically, we looked at the use of training adjuncts in gynecologic oncology training as well as the evidence behind simulation training modalities such as low fidelity box trainers, virtual and augmented reality simulation in laparoscopic training. Finally, we provided context by looking at how training curriculums varied internationally.Whereas some evidence to the reliability and validity of simulation training exists in other surgical specialties, our literature review did not find such evidence in gynecologic oncology. It is important that well conducted trials are used to ascertain the utility of simulation training modalities before integrating them into training curricula.
摘要：
妇科癌症护理的一些最新进展改善了患者的预后。这些措施包括宫颈癌的国家筛查和疫苗接种计划以及卵巢癌的新辅助化疗。相反，这些进展累积地减少了手术训练的机会,因此需要用循证辅助手段来补充现有的训练策略.虚拟现实和增强现实等技术，如果评估和验证正确，具有支持培训的变革潜力。鉴于妇科肿瘤学外科培训的变化，我们渴望总结支持当前妇科肿瘤学培训的证据.在这次审查中,我们对Medline进行了文献检索，Google,谷歌学者，Embase和Scopus收集有关妇科肿瘤学培训现状的证据，并强调有关教授外科技能的最佳方法的现有证据。借鉴其他外科专业的经验，我们检查了尸体解剖等培训辅助手段的使用，动画和3D模型以及手术技能获取方面的模拟训练。具体来说,我们研究了妇科肿瘤学培训中培训辅助手段的使用，以及模拟培训方式背后的证据，如低保真度盒子培训师，腹腔镜培训中的虚拟和增强现实模拟。最后,我们通过研究培训课程在国际上的差异来提供背景。尽管在其他外科专业中存在模拟训练的可靠性和有效性的一些证据，我们的文献综述在妇科肿瘤中没有发现此类证据.重要的是，在将模拟训练模式纳入培训课程之前，必须进行良好的试验来确定模拟训练模式的实用性。
