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Abstract：
A systematic review was undertaken to investigate the involvement of hydration in heart rate (HR), HR variability (HRV) and diastolic (DBP) and systolic (SBP) blood pressure in response to exercise. Data synthesis: The EMBASE, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, LILACS and Web of Science databases were searched. In total, 977 studies were recognized, but only 36 were included after final screening (33 studies in meta-analysis). This study includes randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs with subjects > 18 years old. The hydration group consumed water or isotonic drinks, while the control group did not ingest liquids. For the hydration protocol (before, during and after exercise), the HR values during the exercise were lower compared to the controls (-6.20 bpm, 95%CI: -8.69; -3.71). In the subgroup analysis, \"water ingested before and during exercise\" showed lower increases in HR during exercise (-6.20, 95%CI: 11.70 to -0.71), as did \"water was ingested only during exercise\" (-6.12, 95%CI: -9.35 to -2.89). Water intake during exercise only revealed a trend of avoiding greater increases in HR during exercise (-4,60, 95%CI: -9.41 to 0.22), although these values were not significantly different (p = 0.06) from those of the control. \"Isotonic intake during exercise\" showed lower HRs than the control (-7.23 bpm, 95% CI: -11.68 to -2.79). The HRV values following the exercise were higher in the hydration protocol (SMD = 0.48, 95%CI: 0.30 to 0.67). The values of the SBP were higher than those of the controls (2.25 mmHg, 95%CI: 0.08 to 4.42). Conclusions: Hydration-attenuated exercise-induced increases in HR during exercise, improved autonomic recovery via the acceleration of cardiac vagal modulation in response to exercise and caused a modest increase in SBP values, but did not exert effects on DBP following exercise.
摘要：
进行了系统评价以调查水合作用对心率（HR）的影响。运动反应的HR变异性（HRV）和舒张压（DBP）和收缩压（SBP）。数据合成：EMBASE，MEDLINE,科克伦图书馆,CINAHL,搜索了LILACS和WebofScience数据库。总的来说,977项研究得到认可，但最终筛选后只纳入了36项(33项研究的荟萃分析).本研究包括随机对照试验(RCTs)和非RCTs,受试者年龄>18岁。水合组消耗水或等渗饮料，而对照组不摄入液体。对于水合方案(之前，在运动期间和之后)，运动期间的HR值低于对照组(-6.20bpm，95CI：-8.69；-3.71）。在亚组分析中，“运动前和运动期间摄入的水”显示运动期间HR的增加较低（-6.20，95CI：11.70至-0.71），“仅在运动期间摄入水”也是如此（-6.12，95CI：-9.35至-2.89）。运动期间的水摄入量仅显示出避免运动期间HR增加的趋势（-4,60,95CI：-9.41至0.22），尽管这些值与对照组没有显着差异（p=0.06）。“运动期间的等渗摄入量”显示出比对照组更低的HR(-7.23bpm，95%CI：-11.68至-2.79）。运动后的HRV值在水合方案中更高(SMD=0.48,95CI:0.30至0.67)。SBP值均高于对照组（2.25mmHg，95CI：0.08至4.42）。结论：水化减弱运动引起的运动过程中HR的增加，通过加速心脏迷走神经调节对运动的反应来改善自主神经恢复，并引起SBP值的适度增加，但对运动后的DBP没有影响。
