Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Negative symptoms are very important for the overall loss of functioning observed in patients with schizophrenia. There is a need for valid tools to assess these symptoms.
METHODS: We used the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) systematic review guideline to evaluate the quality of the clinical assessment interview for negative symptoms (CAINS) as a clinician-rated outcome measurement (ClinROM).
RESULTS: The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 13 articles, 11 of which were included in this evaluation. In terms of risk of bias, most articles reported on measures of internal consistency and construct validity, which were overall of good quality. Structural validity, reliability, measurement error, and cross-cultural validity were reported with less than optimum quality. There was a risk of bias in ClinROM development. According to the updated criteria of good measurement properties, structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability showed good results. In contrast, hypothesis testing was somewhat poorer. Results for cross-cultural validity were indeterminate. According to the updated GRADE approach from the COSMIN group the scale received a moderate grade.
CONCLUSIONS: The COSMIN standard allows a judgment of the CAINS as an instrument with the potential to be recommended for use, but which requires further research to assess its quality, in particular in the domains of content validity, internal consistency, and cross-cultural validity.
METHODS: We used the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) systematic review guideline to evaluate the quality of the clinical assessment interview for negative symptoms (CAINS) as a clinician-rated outcome measurement (ClinROM).
RESULTS: The search strategy resulted in the retrieval of 13 articles, 11 of which were included in this evaluation. In terms of risk of bias, most articles reported on measures of internal consistency and construct validity, which were overall of good quality. Structural validity, reliability, measurement error, and cross-cultural validity were reported with less than optimum quality. There was a risk of bias in ClinROM development. According to the updated criteria of good measurement properties, structural validity, internal consistency, and reliability showed good results. In contrast, hypothesis testing was somewhat poorer. Results for cross-cultural validity were indeterminate. According to the updated GRADE approach from the COSMIN group the scale received a moderate grade.
CONCLUSIONS: The COSMIN standard allows a judgment of the CAINS as an instrument with the potential to be recommended for use, but which requires further research to assess its quality, in particular in the domains of content validity, internal consistency, and cross-cultural validity.
摘要：
目的：阴性症状对于精神分裂症患者的整体功能丧失非常重要。需要有效的工具来评估这些症状。
方法：我们使用了基于Consensus的健康测量指标选择标准（COSMIN）系统回顾指南，以评估阴性症状（CAINS）的临床评估访谈的质量作为临床医生评估的结果测量（ClinROM）。
结果：搜索策略导致检索到13篇文章，其中11项纳入本次评估。就偏见的风险而言，大多数文章报道了内部一致性和结构效度的度量，总体质量很好。结构有效性，可靠性,测量误差,据报道，跨文化效度低于最佳质量。ClinROM开发存在偏差的风险。根据更新的良好测量性能标准，结构有效性，内部一致性，和可靠性显示了良好的结果。相比之下,假设检验有点差。跨文化有效性的结果是不确定的。根据COSMIN组更新的等级方法，该等级为中等等级。
结论：COSMIN标准允许将CAINS判断为具有推荐使用潜力的工具，但这需要进一步的研究来评估它的质量，特别是在内容有效性领域，内部一致性，和跨文化有效性。
方法：我们使用了基于Consensus的健康测量指标选择标准（COSMIN）系统回顾指南，以评估阴性症状（CAINS）的临床评估访谈的质量作为临床医生评估的结果测量（ClinROM）。
结果：搜索策略导致检索到13篇文章，其中11项纳入本次评估。就偏见的风险而言，大多数文章报道了内部一致性和结构效度的度量，总体质量很好。结构有效性，可靠性,测量误差,据报道，跨文化效度低于最佳质量。ClinROM开发存在偏差的风险。根据更新的良好测量性能标准，结构有效性，内部一致性，和可靠性显示了良好的结果。相比之下,假设检验有点差。跨文化有效性的结果是不确定的。根据COSMIN组更新的等级方法，该等级为中等等级。
结论：COSMIN标准允许将CAINS判断为具有推荐使用潜力的工具，但这需要进一步的研究来评估它的质量，特别是在内容有效性领域，内部一致性，和跨文化有效性。
