Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical characteristics of laryngomalacia in Chinese children and explore the surgical efficacy and factors influencing severe laryngomalacia.
METHODS: Children (0-18 years) diagnosed with laryngomalacia in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled in this study. Clinical data of patients, including general conditions, clinical symptoms, grading and classification, medical comorbidities, surgical efficacy, and the risk factors influencing severe laryngomalacia were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 1810 children were enrolled (male:female; 2.02:1), among which most were infants under 1 year (77.18%). Inspiratory laryngeal stridor (69.56%) was the most common symptom. Most patients had mild laryngomalacia (79.28%), with type IV laryngomalacia being the most common classification (52.27%). Congenital heart disease (37.85%) was the most common medical comorbidity. A total of 168 severe laryngomalacia cases were treated via supraglottoplasty with an effective rate of 83.93%. Notably, preterm birth (OR = 3.868, 95% CI 1.340 ~ 11.168), low birth weight (OR = 4.517, 95% CI 1.477 ~ 13.819) and medical comorbidities (OR = 7.219, 95% CI 2.534 ~ 20.564) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Laryngomalacia is common among infants under the age of one, and it is mostly characterized by inspiratory laryngeal stridor with various medical comorbidity. Supraglottoplasty is the first treatment choice for severe laryngomalacia cases with high success rates. However, premature delivery, low birth weight, and medical comorbidities significantly affect the efficacy of surgery.
METHODS: Children (0-18 years) diagnosed with laryngomalacia in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2022 were enrolled in this study. Clinical data of patients, including general conditions, clinical symptoms, grading and classification, medical comorbidities, surgical efficacy, and the risk factors influencing severe laryngomalacia were retrospectively analyzed.
RESULTS: A total of 1810 children were enrolled (male:female; 2.02:1), among which most were infants under 1 year (77.18%). Inspiratory laryngeal stridor (69.56%) was the most common symptom. Most patients had mild laryngomalacia (79.28%), with type IV laryngomalacia being the most common classification (52.27%). Congenital heart disease (37.85%) was the most common medical comorbidity. A total of 168 severe laryngomalacia cases were treated via supraglottoplasty with an effective rate of 83.93%. Notably, preterm birth (OR = 3.868, 95% CI 1.340 ~ 11.168), low birth weight (OR = 4.517, 95% CI 1.477 ~ 13.819) and medical comorbidities (OR = 7.219, 95% CI 2.534 ~ 20.564) were independent risk factors for poor prognosis (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: Laryngomalacia is common among infants under the age of one, and it is mostly characterized by inspiratory laryngeal stridor with various medical comorbidity. Supraglottoplasty is the first treatment choice for severe laryngomalacia cases with high success rates. However, premature delivery, low birth weight, and medical comorbidities significantly affect the efficacy of surgery.
摘要：
目的：分析中国儿童喉软化症的临床特点，探讨重度喉软化症的手术疗效及影响因素。
方法：选择2016年1月至2022年1月在我院确诊为喉软化症的0~18岁儿童。患者的临床资料,包括一般条件，临床症状,分级和分类，医疗合并症,手术疗效，回顾性分析影响重度喉软化的危险因素。
结果：共纳入1810名儿童（男：女；2.02：1），其中1岁以下婴儿最多(77.18%)。最常见的症状是吸气性喉鸣（69.56％）。大多数患者有轻度喉软化（79.28%），其中IV型喉软化是最常见的分类（52.27％）。先天性心脏病(37.85%)是最常见的医学合并症。采用声门上成形术治疗重度喉软化症168例,有效率为83.93%。值得注意的是,早产（OR=3.868，95%CI1.340~11.168），低出生体重（OR=4.517，95％CI1.477〜13.819）和医疗合并症（OR=7.219，95％CI2.534〜20.564）是不良预后的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。
结论：在一岁以下的婴儿中常见喉软化症，主要表现为吸气性喉鸣并伴有各种医学合并症。声门上成形术是严重喉软化病例的首选治疗方法，成功率高。然而,早产,低出生体重,和医疗合并症显著影响手术疗效。
方法：选择2016年1月至2022年1月在我院确诊为喉软化症的0~18岁儿童。患者的临床资料,包括一般条件，临床症状,分级和分类，医疗合并症,手术疗效，回顾性分析影响重度喉软化的危险因素。
结果：共纳入1810名儿童（男：女；2.02：1），其中1岁以下婴儿最多(77.18%)。最常见的症状是吸气性喉鸣（69.56％）。大多数患者有轻度喉软化（79.28%），其中IV型喉软化是最常见的分类（52.27％）。先天性心脏病(37.85%)是最常见的医学合并症。采用声门上成形术治疗重度喉软化症168例,有效率为83.93%。值得注意的是,早产（OR=3.868，95%CI1.340~11.168），低出生体重（OR=4.517，95％CI1.477〜13.819）和医疗合并症（OR=7.219，95％CI2.534〜20.564）是不良预后的独立危险因素（P<0.05）。
结论：在一岁以下的婴儿中常见喉软化症，主要表现为吸气性喉鸣并伴有各种医学合并症。声门上成形术是严重喉软化病例的首选治疗方法，成功率高。然而,早产,低出生体重,和医疗合并症显著影响手术疗效。
