Abstract：
South China Mountain Region has a well-developed water system with the most abundant water in China. Untreated natural water is the main source of drinking water for the local people. This study aimed to investigate the hydrochemical characteristics and trace element concentrations of natural water in the mountainous regions of South China. In this study, 116 water samples were collected. Traditional hydrochemical methods, water quality index (WQI), hazard index (HI), and nutrient speciation of trace elements (NSTE) were used for analysis. In general, the hydrochemical type was mainly Ca-HCO3- type. The hydrochemical characteristics were mainly influenced by the weathering of calcite and silicate rocks. Overall total dissolved solids (TDS) were low, indicating mainly soft and very soft water. The water that met the standards for mineral water had an average concentration of 59.69 mg/L for Sr (strontium) and an average concentration of 0.46 mg/L for H2SiO3 (silicic acid). Although the water quality index (WQI) indicated that 91.3% of the water samples in the study area were of good quality (WQI < 25), 2.58% of the water samples had significant non-carcinogenic risk (HI > 1) due to the high As and Pb concentrations. The water in the study area contributed significantly to human intake of Sr, Cr, and V, accounting for 8.4, 8.3, and 7.7% of the required daily intake for adults, respectively. It is recommended that a comprehensive water quality evaluation system be constructed to ensure that mountain water is managed for development and safe to drink.
摘要：
华南山区水系发达，是中国水资源最丰富的地区。未经处理的天然水是当地人的主要饮用水来源。本研究旨在研究中国南方山区天然水的水化学特征和微量元素浓度。在这项研究中,收集了116个水样。传统的水化学方法，水质指数（WQI），危害指数(HI)，和微量元素的营养形态（NSTE）用于分析。总的来说,水化学类型主要为Ca-HCO3-型。水化学特征主要受方解石和硅酸盐岩石风化的影响。总溶解固体（TDS）很低，表示主要是软和非常软的水。满足矿泉水标准的水的Sr(锶)平均浓度为59.69mg/L,H2SiO3(硅酸)平均浓度为0.46mg/L。尽管水质指数(WQI)表明研究区91.3%的水样质量良好(WQI<25),由于高As和Pb浓度，2.58％的水样具有明显的非致癌风险（HI>1）。研究区域的水对人体Sr的摄入量有很大贡献，Cr,V,占成人每日所需摄入量的8.4%、8.3%和7.7%，分别。建议构建全面的水质评价体系，确保山水管理发展、安全饮用。
