PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Heat acclimation/acclimatisation (HA) mitigates heat-related decrements in physical capacity and heat-illness risk and is a widely advocated countermeasure for individuals operating in hot environments. The efficacy of HA is typically quantified by assessing the thermo-physiological responses to a standard heat acclimation state test (i.e. physiological biomarkers), but this can be logistically challenging, time consuming, and expensive. A valid molecular biomarker of HA would enable evaluation of the heat-adapted state through the sampling and assessment of a biological medium. This narrative review examines candidate molecular biomarkers of HA, highlighting the poor sensitivity and specificity of these candidates and identifying the current lack of a single \'standout\' biomarker. It concludes by considering the potential of multivariable approaches that provide information about a range of physiological systems, identifying a number of challenges that must be overcome to develop a valid molecular biomarker of the heat-adapted state, and highlighting future research opportunities.
摘要：
热适应/适应（HA）减轻了与热相关的身体容量和热病风险的下降，并且是在炎热环境中工作的个人的广泛倡导的对策。通常通过评估对标准热适应状态测试(即生理生物标志物)的热生理响应来量化HA的功效。但这可能在后勤上具有挑战性，耗时,而且昂贵。HA的有效的分子生物标志物将能够通过生物介质的采样和评估来评估热适应状态。这篇叙述性综述考察了HA的候选分子生物标志物，强调这些候选人的敏感性和特异性差，并确定目前缺乏单一的“突出”生物标志物。结论是考虑了多变量方法的潜力，这些方法可以提供有关一系列生理系统的信息，确定必须克服的许多挑战，以开发有效的热适应状态的分子生物标志物，并强调未来的研究机会。
