Abstract：
Hyperventilation and seizures have a long association in the clinical literature and were known to have a relationship long before the electroencephalogram (EEG) was used to record changes in brain activity. As the use of EEG recording progressed, hyperventilation was the first activation method used to assist with diagnosis of epilepsy. Along with slowing of brain activity, hyperventilation can activate epileptiform spiking activity in patients with epilepsy. Currently, hyperventilation is used in standard practice to assist with the diagnosis of epilepsy during EEG recording. Hyperventilation activates epileptiform spiking activity more often than seizures but can trigger clinical seizures in up to 50% of patients with generalized epilepsy. It is more likely to trigger events in children with absence seizures than adults, and it acts as a trigger in patients with focal epilepsy far less often. However, while some clinicians suggest that its diagnostic value is limited, especially in adults with focal epilepsies, others suggest that it is simple, safe, and an important diagnostic tool, even in these patients. This review presents the history of hyperventilation and seizures, its use in the clinical practice, and possible mechanisms involved.
摘要：
在临床文献中，过度通气和癫痫发作有很长时间的联系，并且在脑电图（EEG）用于记录大脑活动变化之前很久就已经知道有联系。随着脑电图记录的使用进展，过度通气是第一种用于辅助诊断癫痫的激活方法。随着大脑活动的减慢，过度通气可以激活癫痫患者的癫痫样尖峰活动。目前,在标准实践中使用过度通气来辅助在脑电图记录期间诊断癫痫。过度换气比癫痫发作更频繁地激活癫痫样尖峰活动，但可在多达50％的全身性癫痫患者中引发临床癫痫发作。失神儿童比成人更容易引发癫痫事件，它作为局灶性癫痫患者的触发因素，频率要低得多。然而,虽然一些临床医生认为其诊断价值有限，尤其是在患有局灶性癫痫的成年人中，其他人认为这很简单，安全,一个重要的诊断工具,即使在这些病人身上。这篇综述介绍了过度换气和癫痫发作的历史，它在临床实践中的应用，以及可能涉及的机制。
