PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Phytochemical standardization of herbal materials involves establishing consistent levels of one or more active ingredients or markers. It ensures the authenticity and quality of herbal materials, extracts, and their products. This research aimed to apply the herbal chemical marker ranking system (Herb MaRS) originally proposed for quality assurance of complex herbal products to establish markers for controlling the quality of herbal raw materials.
METHODS: The assessment of compounds for suitability as markers was based on the Herb MaRS, with minor modifications as follows: for more objective scoring, evidence of biological activity of the potential marker compound(s) was determined at three levels based on the number of symptoms of the disease condition a compound can treat or alleviate: (i) one symptom (1 point), two symptoms (2 points), and 3 or more symptoms (3 points). The reported concentrations of the compounds were also scored as follows: concentration not determined (0 points), concentration ≥ 5 ppm (1 point), concentration ≥ 50 ppm (2 points) and availability of analytical standards (1 point). Finally, the compounds were scored for the availability of an analytical method (1 point). The compounds were scored from 0 to 8, where 8 indicated the most suitable chemical marker.
RESULTS: The selected markers were as follows: aromadendrine, α-terpineol, globulol, and 1,8-cineol (in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ); aloin, aloe emodin, acemannan (in Aloe barbadensis (L.) Burm.f. ), lupeol, lupenone, betulinic acid, betulin, and catechin (in Albizia coriaria Oliv.); mangiferin, catechin, quercetin, and gallic acid (in Mangifera indica L.); polygodial (in Warburgia ugandensis Sprague); azadirachtin, nimbin, nimbidin (in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. ); and 6,8,10-gingerols, and 6-shogaol (in Zingiber officinalis Roscoe).
CONCLUSIONS: Herb MaRS can be efficiently applied to select marker compounds for quality control of herbal materials. However, for herbs whose phytochemicals have not been sufficiently researched, it is difficult to establish evidence of activity, and there are no analytical standards and/or methods; this is the case for plants exclusively used in Africa. The markers identified should be incorporated into chromatographic fingerprints, their quantitative methods developed, and evaluated for applicability at the various stages of the production chain of herbal medicines; then, they can be included in future local plant monographs. There is also a need to build local capacity to isolate marker compounds, particularly those that are not sold by current vendors.
METHODS: The assessment of compounds for suitability as markers was based on the Herb MaRS, with minor modifications as follows: for more objective scoring, evidence of biological activity of the potential marker compound(s) was determined at three levels based on the number of symptoms of the disease condition a compound can treat or alleviate: (i) one symptom (1 point), two symptoms (2 points), and 3 or more symptoms (3 points). The reported concentrations of the compounds were also scored as follows: concentration not determined (0 points), concentration ≥ 5 ppm (1 point), concentration ≥ 50 ppm (2 points) and availability of analytical standards (1 point). Finally, the compounds were scored for the availability of an analytical method (1 point). The compounds were scored from 0 to 8, where 8 indicated the most suitable chemical marker.
RESULTS: The selected markers were as follows: aromadendrine, α-terpineol, globulol, and 1,8-cineol (in Eucalyptus globulus Labill. ); aloin, aloe emodin, acemannan (in Aloe barbadensis (L.) Burm.f. ), lupeol, lupenone, betulinic acid, betulin, and catechin (in Albizia coriaria Oliv.); mangiferin, catechin, quercetin, and gallic acid (in Mangifera indica L.); polygodial (in Warburgia ugandensis Sprague); azadirachtin, nimbin, nimbidin (in Azadirachta indica A. Juss. ); and 6,8,10-gingerols, and 6-shogaol (in Zingiber officinalis Roscoe).
CONCLUSIONS: Herb MaRS can be efficiently applied to select marker compounds for quality control of herbal materials. However, for herbs whose phytochemicals have not been sufficiently researched, it is difficult to establish evidence of activity, and there are no analytical standards and/or methods; this is the case for plants exclusively used in Africa. The markers identified should be incorporated into chromatographic fingerprints, their quantitative methods developed, and evaluated for applicability at the various stages of the production chain of herbal medicines; then, they can be included in future local plant monographs. There is also a need to build local capacity to isolate marker compounds, particularly those that are not sold by current vendors.
摘要：
背景：草药材料的植物化学标准化涉及建立一种或多种活性成分或标志物的一致水平。它确保了草药材料的真实性和质量，摘录,和他们的产品。本研究旨在应用最初提出的用于复杂草药产品质量保证的草药化学标记排序系统（HerbMaRS）来建立用于控制草药原料质量的标记。
方法：化合物作为标记物的适宜性评估基于HerbMaRS，稍作修改如下：为了更客观的评分，基于化合物可以治疗或缓解的疾病状况的症状数量，在三个水平上确定潜在标记化合物的生物活性的证据：（i）一种症状（1分），两个症状（2分），和3个或更多的症状（3分）。报告的化合物浓度也评分如下：浓度未确定（0分），浓度≥5ppm（1分），浓度≥50ppm（2分）和分析标准品的可用性（1分）。最后,对化合物的分析方法的可用性进行评分(1分)。化合物从0至8评分,其中8表示最合适的化学标记。
结果：选择的标记如下：芳香腺嘌呤，α-松油醇,globulol,和1,8-桉树醇(在桉树球标签中。)；芦荟，芦荟大黄素,acemannan（库拉索芦荟（L.)Burm.f.),lupeol,Lupenone,桦木酸,桦木醇,和儿茶素（在AlbiziacoriariaOliv中。)；芒果苷，儿茶素,槲皮素,和没食子酸（在MangiferaindicaL.中）；多角体（在WarburgiaugandensisSprague中）；印字素，nimbin,nimbidin(在阿扎迪拉赫塔indicaA.Juss。)；和6,8,10-姜辣素，和6-shogaol（在生姜中）。
结论：HerbMaRS可以有效地用于选择用于中药质量控制的标记化合物。然而,对于植物化学物质没有得到充分研究的草药，很难确定活动的证据，并且没有分析标准和/或方法；对于非洲专门使用的植物就是这种情况。识别的标记应纳入色谱指纹图谱中，他们开发了定量方法，并评估草药生产链各个阶段的适用性；然后，它们可以包含在未来的当地植物专着中。还需要建立当地分离标记化合物的能力,特别是那些不是由当前供应商出售的。
方法：化合物作为标记物的适宜性评估基于HerbMaRS，稍作修改如下：为了更客观的评分，基于化合物可以治疗或缓解的疾病状况的症状数量，在三个水平上确定潜在标记化合物的生物活性的证据：（i）一种症状（1分），两个症状（2分），和3个或更多的症状（3分）。报告的化合物浓度也评分如下：浓度未确定（0分），浓度≥5ppm（1分），浓度≥50ppm（2分）和分析标准品的可用性（1分）。最后,对化合物的分析方法的可用性进行评分(1分)。化合物从0至8评分,其中8表示最合适的化学标记。
结果：选择的标记如下：芳香腺嘌呤，α-松油醇,globulol,和1,8-桉树醇(在桉树球标签中。)；芦荟，芦荟大黄素,acemannan（库拉索芦荟（L.)Burm.f.),lupeol,Lupenone,桦木酸,桦木醇,和儿茶素（在AlbiziacoriariaOliv中。)；芒果苷，儿茶素,槲皮素,和没食子酸（在MangiferaindicaL.中）；多角体（在WarburgiaugandensisSprague中）；印字素，nimbin,nimbidin(在阿扎迪拉赫塔indicaA.Juss。)；和6,8,10-姜辣素，和6-shogaol（在生姜中）。
结论：HerbMaRS可以有效地用于选择用于中药质量控制的标记化合物。然而,对于植物化学物质没有得到充分研究的草药，很难确定活动的证据，并且没有分析标准和/或方法；对于非洲专门使用的植物就是这种情况。识别的标记应纳入色谱指纹图谱中，他们开发了定量方法，并评估草药生产链各个阶段的适用性；然后，它们可以包含在未来的当地植物专着中。还需要建立当地分离标记化合物的能力,特别是那些不是由当前供应商出售的。
