PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Reward sensitivity constitutes a potential key mechanism regarding the etiology and maintenance of mental disorders, especially depression. However, due to a lack of longitudinal studies, the temporal dynamics are not clear yet. Although some evidence indicates that reward processing could be a transdiagnostic mechanism of disorders, these observations could be also a product of comorbidity with depression. This study aimed at investigating the temporal dynamics of reward sensitivity and the course of psychopathological symptoms in a longitudinal investigation, while taking a possible mediating role of depression into account.
We conducted a three-wave longitudinal online survey with a 4-week interval. A total of N = 453 participants filled out all three questionnaires. Reward sensitivity was assessed with the Positive Valence System Scale-21 (PVSS-21), depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), eating disorder symptoms with the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire-8 (EDE-Q-8), social anxiety with the Mini-social phobia inventory (Mini-SPIN) and alcohol consumption with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Cross-lagged panels and mediation analyses were calculated using path analyses.
Depressive and eating disorder symptoms predicted reward insensitivity at later points in time. Effects were larger from T2 to T3. A bidirectional relationship concerning social anxiety was found. Higher alcohol consumption predicted higher reward sensitivity. Depression at T2 fully mediated the association between psychopathological symptoms at T1 and reward sensitivity at T3 for social anxiety and eating disorder symptoms.
Our findings imply that reduced reward sensitivity seems to be a consequence rather than an antecedent of psychopathological symptoms. Comorbid depression plays a crucial role in other mental disorders regarding observed hyposensitivity towards rewards. Therefore, our results do not support a transdiagnostic notion of reward sensitivity, but they indicate a potential role of reward sensitivity for symptom persistence.
The study was preregistered at the Open Science Framework (OSF) ( https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-6n3s8-v1 ; registration DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6N3S8 ).
We conducted a three-wave longitudinal online survey with a 4-week interval. A total of N = 453 participants filled out all three questionnaires. Reward sensitivity was assessed with the Positive Valence System Scale-21 (PVSS-21), depression with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), eating disorder symptoms with the Eating Disorder Examination-Questionnaire-8 (EDE-Q-8), social anxiety with the Mini-social phobia inventory (Mini-SPIN) and alcohol consumption with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Cross-lagged panels and mediation analyses were calculated using path analyses.
Depressive and eating disorder symptoms predicted reward insensitivity at later points in time. Effects were larger from T2 to T3. A bidirectional relationship concerning social anxiety was found. Higher alcohol consumption predicted higher reward sensitivity. Depression at T2 fully mediated the association between psychopathological symptoms at T1 and reward sensitivity at T3 for social anxiety and eating disorder symptoms.
Our findings imply that reduced reward sensitivity seems to be a consequence rather than an antecedent of psychopathological symptoms. Comorbid depression plays a crucial role in other mental disorders regarding observed hyposensitivity towards rewards. Therefore, our results do not support a transdiagnostic notion of reward sensitivity, but they indicate a potential role of reward sensitivity for symptom persistence.
The study was preregistered at the Open Science Framework (OSF) ( https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-6n3s8-v1 ; registration DOI https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/6N3S8 ).
摘要：
背景：奖励敏感性构成了关于精神障碍的病因和维持的潜在关键机制，尤其是抑郁症。然而,由于缺乏纵向研究，时间动态还不清楚。尽管一些证据表明奖励处理可能是疾病的诊断机制，这些观察结果也可能是抑郁症合并症的产物。这项研究旨在调查奖励敏感性的时间动态和精神病理症状的过程中的纵向调查，同时考虑到抑郁症可能的中介作用。
方法：我们进行了为期4周的三波纵向在线调查。总共有453名参与者填写了所有三个问卷。用正价系统量表-21（PVSS-21）评估奖励敏感性，抑郁症患者健康问卷（PHQ-9），饮食失调症状与饮食失调检查问卷-8（EDE-Q-8），迷你社交恐惧症清单（Mini-SPIN）的社交焦虑和酒精使用障碍识别测试消费（AUDIT-C）的酒精消费。使用路径分析计算了交叉滞后面板和调解分析。
结果：抑郁和进食障碍症状在稍后的时间点预测奖励不敏感。从T2到T3的影响更大。发现了有关社交焦虑的双向关系。较高的饮酒量预示着较高的奖励敏感性。T2时的抑郁症完全介导了T1时的精神病理学症状与T3时的社交焦虑和进食障碍症状的奖励敏感性之间的关联。
结论：我们的发现暗示奖赏敏感性降低似乎是精神病理症状的结果，而不是前因后果。共病抑郁症在其他精神障碍中起着至关重要的作用，因为观察到对奖励的敏感性低下。因此,我们的结果不支持奖励敏感性的交叉诊断概念，但它们表明了奖赏敏感性对症状持续的潜在作用。
背景：该研究已在开放科学框架（OSF）（https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-6n3s8-v1；注册DOIhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF进行了预注册。IO/6N3S8）。
方法：我们进行了为期4周的三波纵向在线调查。总共有453名参与者填写了所有三个问卷。用正价系统量表-21（PVSS-21）评估奖励敏感性，抑郁症患者健康问卷（PHQ-9），饮食失调症状与饮食失调检查问卷-8（EDE-Q-8），迷你社交恐惧症清单（Mini-SPIN）的社交焦虑和酒精使用障碍识别测试消费（AUDIT-C）的酒精消费。使用路径分析计算了交叉滞后面板和调解分析。
结果：抑郁和进食障碍症状在稍后的时间点预测奖励不敏感。从T2到T3的影响更大。发现了有关社交焦虑的双向关系。较高的饮酒量预示着较高的奖励敏感性。T2时的抑郁症完全介导了T1时的精神病理学症状与T3时的社交焦虑和进食障碍症状的奖励敏感性之间的关联。
结论：我们的发现暗示奖赏敏感性降低似乎是精神病理症状的结果，而不是前因后果。共病抑郁症在其他精神障碍中起着至关重要的作用，因为观察到对奖励的敏感性低下。因此,我们的结果不支持奖励敏感性的交叉诊断概念，但它们表明了奖赏敏感性对症状持续的潜在作用。
背景：该研究已在开放科学框架（OSF）（https://archive.org/details/osf-registrations-6n3s8-v1；注册DOIhttps://doi.org/10.17605/OSF进行了预注册。IO/6N3S8）。
