PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
This review summarizes the most relevant scientific literature related to the use of insects as alternative protein sources in poultry diets. The black soldier fly, the housefly, the beetle, mealworms, silkworms, earthworms, crickets, and grasshoppers are in the spotlight because they have been identified as an important future source of sustainable animal proteins for poultry feeding. Insect meals meet poultry requirements in terms of nutritional value, essential amino acid composition, nutrient digestibility, and feed acceptance. Furthermore, they are enriched with antimicrobial peptides and bioactive molecules that can improve global health. Results from poultry studies suggest equivalent or enhanced growth performances and quality of end-products as compared to fish meal and soybean meal. To outline this body of knowledge, this article states established threads of research about the nutrient profiles and the digestibility of insect meals, their subsequent effects on the growth and laying performances of poultry as well as the quality of meat, carcass, and eggs. To fully exploit insect-derived products, the effects of insect bioactive molecules (antimicrobial peptides, fatty acids, and polysaccharides) were addressed. Furthermore, as edible insects are likely to take a meaningful position in the feed and food chain, the safety of their derived products needs to be ensured. Some insights into the current knowledge on the prevalence of pathogens and contaminants in edible insects were highlighted. Finally, the effect of insect farming and processing treatment on the nutritive value of insect larvae was discussed. Our overview reveals that using insects can potentially solve problems related to reliance on other food sources, without altering the growth performances and the quality of meat and eggs.
摘要：
这篇综述总结了与在家禽日粮中使用昆虫作为替代蛋白质来源有关的最相关的科学文献。黑人士兵飞，家蝇,甲虫,粉虫,蚕,蚯蚓,板球,蝗虫成为人们关注的焦点，因为它们已被确定为未来可持续家禽饲养动物蛋白的重要来源。昆虫餐在营养价值方面符合家禽的要求，必需氨基酸组成，营养素消化率，和饲料验收。此外，它们富含抗菌肽和生物活性分子，可以改善全球健康。家禽研究的结果表明，与鱼粉和豆粕相比，最终产品的生长性能和质量相当或提高。为了概述这个知识体系，本文阐述了昆虫膳食的营养成分和消化率的既定研究思路，它们对家禽的生长和产蛋性能以及肉的质量的后续影响，屠体,和鸡蛋。为了充分利用昆虫衍生产品，昆虫生物活性分子(抗菌肽，脂肪酸，和多糖）得到解决。此外，因为可食用昆虫可能在饲料和食物链中占据有意义的位置，需要确保其衍生产品的安全性。强调了对当前有关食用昆虫中病原体和污染物流行的知识的一些见解。最后,讨论了昆虫养殖和加工处理对昆虫幼虫营养价值的影响。我们的概述表明，使用昆虫可以解决与依赖其他食物来源有关的问题，而不会改变肉和蛋的生长性能和质量。
