PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Green synthesis of NPs has gained extensive acceptance as they are reliable, eco-friendly, sustainable, and stable. Chemically synthesized NPs cause lung inflammation, heart problems, liver dysfunction, immune suppression, organ accumulation, and altered metabolism, leading to organ-specific toxicity. NPs synthesized from plants and microbes are biologically safe and cost-effective. These microbes and plant sources can consume and accumulate inorganic metal ions from their adjacent niches, thus synthesizing extracellular and intracellular NPs. These inherent characteristics of biological cells to process and modify inorganic metal ions into NPs have helped explore an area of biochemical analysis. Biological entities or their extracts used in NPs include algae, bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes, viruses, yeasts, and plants, with varying capabilities through the bioreduction of metallic NPs. These biosynthesized NPs have a wide range of pharmaceutical applications, such as tissue engineering, detection of pathogens or proteins, antimicrobial agents, anticancer mediators, vehicles for drug delivery, formulations for functional foods, and identification of pathogens, which can contribute to translational research in medical applications. NPs have various applications in the food and drug packaging industry, agriculture, and environmental remediation.
摘要：
NPs的绿色合成已获得广泛认可，因为它们是可靠的，环保,可持续,和稳定。化学合成的NPs引起肺部炎症，心脏问题,肝功能障碍,免疫抑制，器官积累，和改变新陈代谢，导致器官特异性毒性。从植物和微生物合成的NP是生物安全且具有成本效益的。这些微生物和植物来源可以消耗和积累来自其相邻生态位的无机金属离子，从而合成细胞外和细胞内NP。生物细胞将无机金属离子加工和修饰成NPs的这些固有特性有助于探索生化分析领域。NPs中使用的生物实体或其提取物包括藻类，细菌,真菌,放线菌,病毒,酵母,和植物,通过金属NP的生物还原具有不同的能力。这些生物合成的NP具有广泛的药物应用，比如组织工程，检测病原体或蛋白质，抗菌剂，抗癌介质，药物输送车辆，功能性食品的配方，和病原体的鉴定，这可以为医学应用中的转化研究做出贡献。NPs在食品和药品包装行业有各种应用，农业,和环境修复。
