Abstract：
This study aims at the application of a marine fungal consortium (Aspergillus sclerotiorum CRM 348 and Cryptococcus laurentii CRM 707) for the bioremediation of diesel oil-contaminated soil under microcosm conditions. The impact of biostimulation (BS) and/or bioaugmentation (BA) treatments on diesel-oil biodegradation, soil quality, and the structure of the microbial community were studied. The use of the fungal consortium together with nutrients (BA/BS) resulted in a TPH (Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon) degradation 42% higher than that obtained by natural attenuation (NA) within 120 days. For the same period, a 72 to 92% removal of short-chain alkanes (C12 to C19) was obtained by BA/BS, while only 3 to 65% removal was achieved by NA. BA/BS also showed high degradation efficiency of long-chain alkanes (C20 to C24) at 120 days, reaching 90 and 92% of degradation of icosane and heneicosane, respectively. In contrast, an increase in the levels of cyclosiloxanes (characterized as bacterial bioemulsifiers and biosurfactants) was observed in the soil treated by the consortium. Conversely, the NA presented a maximum of 37% of degradation of these alkane fractions. The 5-ringed PAH benzo(a)pyrene, was removed significantly better with the BA/BS treatment than with the NA (48 vs. 38 % of biodegradation, respectively). Metabarcoding analysis revealed that BA/BS caused a decrease in the soil microbial diversity with a concomitant increase in the abundance of specific microbial groups, including hydrocarbon-degrading (bacteria and fungi) and also an enhancement in soil microbial activity. Our results highlight the great potential of this consortium for soil treatment after diesel spills, as well as the relevance of the massive sequencing, enzymatic, microbiological and GC-HRMS analyses for a better understanding of diesel bioremediation.
摘要：
本研究旨在应用海洋真菌财团（菌化曲霉CRM348和劳伦隐球菌CRM707）在微观条件下对柴油污染的土壤进行生物修复。生物刺激（BS）和/或生物强化（BA）处理对柴油生物降解的影响，土壤质量,并对微生物群落结构进行了研究。真菌聚生体与营养素（BA/BS）的使用导致TPH（总石油烃）降解比120天内通过自然衰减（NA）获得的降解高42％。在同一时期,通过BA/BS获得72％至92％的短链烷烃（C12至C19）去除率，而NA仅实现3％至65％的去除。BA/BS在120天还显示出长链烷烃（C20至C24）的高降解效率，达到90％和92％的二十烷和二十烷降解，分别。相比之下,在财团处理的土壤中观察到环硅氧烷（表征为细菌生物乳化剂和生物表面活性剂）的含量增加。相反，NA呈现这些烷烃馏分的降解的最大37%。5-环PAH苯并（a）芘，与NA相比，BA/BS治疗的去除效果明显更好(48vs.38%的生物降解，分别)。代谢编码分析表明，BA/BS导致土壤微生物多样性减少，同时特定微生物群的丰度增加，包括碳氢化合物降解（细菌和真菌）以及土壤微生物活性的增强。我们的研究结果凸显了该财团在柴油泄漏后进行土壤处理的巨大潜力，以及大规模测序的相关性，酶，微生物和GC-HRMS分析，以更好地了解柴油生物修复。
