PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), commonly called e-cigarettes, have been examined in clinical studies for their effects on tobacco smoking cessation. In the past 2 years, a dozen or more systematic reviews on ENDS and cigarette smoking cessation have been published that present differing conclusions and recommendations on the use of ENDS.
OBJECTIVE: Our umbrella review aims to synthesize the findings from current systematic reviews to investigate the quit rates and the percentage of participants abstinent from cigarette smoking using ENDS. Additionally, we will examine the quit rates with ENDS in comparison to other established cessation treatments.
METHODS: The search will retrieve systematic reviews that include both clinical trials and experimental studies on the use of ENDS for smoking cessation. We will also include nonrandomized cohort studies that track ENDS use and the subsequent abstinence from smoking. Databases searches will be conducted in Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and 7 additional registries. Secondary searches will include reference checking, citation chasing, and consultations with topic experts. Two reviewers will perform a title and abstract exclusion followed by a full-paper inclusion process. Data extraction will be conducted by 1 reviewer and completely checked by a second reviewer. Each systematic review will be assessed by 2 reviewers for methodological quality using AMSTAR2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews, version 2) and for reporting bias using categories from the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine\'s Catalogue of Bias. Unreported discrepancies between the protocol and the published review will be identified.
RESULTS: The umbrella review started on March 1, 2023. At the time of publication, the study selection was being conducted and the pilot testing of the data extraction and bias assessment forms were in progress. The review is expected to be completed by December 31, 2023, followed by the submission of the review for journal publication. A second-order meta-analysis will calculate the range and average of quit rates for ENDS. A vote counting of the direction of effect, based on quit rates, will be used to present the relative effectiveness of ENDS for smoking cessation compared to other cessation treatments (including no treatment). A citation matrix will list primary studies with their bias ratings from all the systematic reviews. The effect of overlapping studies between the systematic reviews will be calculated using the corrected coverage area analysis. A sensitivity analysis will examine the impact of the intensity of cessation treatment on quit rates. Depending on the availability of data, subgroup analyses will be conducted based on participants\' gender, age, prior quit attempts, and nicotine dependence. The strength or weakness of the evidence synthesis will be assessed using a stratification of evidence technique. Reporting bias will be presented with a tabulation of bias indicators. Publication bias will be assessed.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of ENDS for smoking cessation is a highly controversial subject. Through an exhaustive synthesis of the available data, we will present the quit rates of cigarette smoking cessation obtained with ENDS and how they compare to quit rates obtained from other established cessation treatments. The critical quality and bias assessment of the systematic reviews will indicate the most reliable sources to inform treatment considerations and policy development.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO CRD42023406165; https://tinyurl.com/4ekzpbrj.
UNASSIGNED: PRR1-10.2196/47711.
OBJECTIVE: Our umbrella review aims to synthesize the findings from current systematic reviews to investigate the quit rates and the percentage of participants abstinent from cigarette smoking using ENDS. Additionally, we will examine the quit rates with ENDS in comparison to other established cessation treatments.
METHODS: The search will retrieve systematic reviews that include both clinical trials and experimental studies on the use of ENDS for smoking cessation. We will also include nonrandomized cohort studies that track ENDS use and the subsequent abstinence from smoking. Databases searches will be conducted in Embase, Scopus, PubMed, and 7 additional registries. Secondary searches will include reference checking, citation chasing, and consultations with topic experts. Two reviewers will perform a title and abstract exclusion followed by a full-paper inclusion process. Data extraction will be conducted by 1 reviewer and completely checked by a second reviewer. Each systematic review will be assessed by 2 reviewers for methodological quality using AMSTAR2 (A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews, version 2) and for reporting bias using categories from the Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine\'s Catalogue of Bias. Unreported discrepancies between the protocol and the published review will be identified.
RESULTS: The umbrella review started on March 1, 2023. At the time of publication, the study selection was being conducted and the pilot testing of the data extraction and bias assessment forms were in progress. The review is expected to be completed by December 31, 2023, followed by the submission of the review for journal publication. A second-order meta-analysis will calculate the range and average of quit rates for ENDS. A vote counting of the direction of effect, based on quit rates, will be used to present the relative effectiveness of ENDS for smoking cessation compared to other cessation treatments (including no treatment). A citation matrix will list primary studies with their bias ratings from all the systematic reviews. The effect of overlapping studies between the systematic reviews will be calculated using the corrected coverage area analysis. A sensitivity analysis will examine the impact of the intensity of cessation treatment on quit rates. Depending on the availability of data, subgroup analyses will be conducted based on participants\' gender, age, prior quit attempts, and nicotine dependence. The strength or weakness of the evidence synthesis will be assessed using a stratification of evidence technique. Reporting bias will be presented with a tabulation of bias indicators. Publication bias will be assessed.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of ENDS for smoking cessation is a highly controversial subject. Through an exhaustive synthesis of the available data, we will present the quit rates of cigarette smoking cessation obtained with ENDS and how they compare to quit rates obtained from other established cessation treatments. The critical quality and bias assessment of the systematic reviews will indicate the most reliable sources to inform treatment considerations and policy development.
BACKGROUND: PROSPERO CRD42023406165; https://tinyurl.com/4ekzpbrj.
UNASSIGNED: PRR1-10.2196/47711.
摘要：
背景：电子尼古丁输送系统（ENDS），通常被称为电子烟，已经在临床研究中检查了它们对戒烟的影响。在过去的两年里,已经发表了十几篇或更多有关ENDS和戒烟的系统评价,对ENDS的使用提出了不同的结论和建议.
目的：我们的综述旨在综合当前系统评价的结果，以调查使用ENDS戒烟率和戒烟率。此外,我们将与其他已建立的戒烟治疗方法相比，检查ENDS的戒烟率。
方法：搜索将检索系统综述，其中包括使用ENDS戒烟的临床试验和实验研究。我们还将包括非随机队列研究，追踪ENDS的使用和随后的戒烟。数据库搜索将在Embase进行，Scopus,PubMed,和7个额外的登记册。次要搜索将包括参考检查，引用追逐,并与主题专家进行磋商。两名审稿人将执行标题和摘要排除，然后是完整的论文收录过程。数据提取将由1名审阅者进行，并由第二名审阅者进行完整检查。每个系统审查将由2名审查人员使用AMSTAR2（评估系统审查的测量工具，版本2），并使用循证医学中心的“偏见目录”中的类别报告偏见。将确定方案与已发布的审查之间未报告的差异。
结果：伞式审查于2023年3月1日开始。在出版时,正在进行研究选择，数据提取和偏倚评估表的试点测试正在进行中。该审查预计将于2023年12月31日完成，随后将审查提交期刊出版。二阶荟萃分析将计算ENDS的戒烟率的范围和平均值。对效果方向的投票计数，根据戒烟率，与其他戒烟治疗(包括不治疗)相比，将用于呈现ENDS戒烟的相对有效性。引文矩阵将列出主要研究以及所有系统评价中的偏见评级。将使用校正的覆盖面积分析来计算系统评价之间的重叠研究的影响。敏感性分析将检查停止治疗的强度对戒烟率的影响。根据数据的可用性，亚组分析将根据参与者的性别进行，年龄,先前的戒烟尝试，尼古丁依赖。将使用证据分层技术评估证据综合的强弱。报告偏差将与偏差指标表一起显示。将评估出版偏见。
结论：使用ENDS戒烟是一个非常有争议的话题。通过对现有数据的详尽综合，我们将介绍ENDS获得的戒烟率，以及它们如何与其他既定戒烟治疗获得的戒烟率进行比较。系统评价的关键质量和偏见评估将表明最可靠的来源，以告知治疗考虑和政策制定。
背景：PROSPEROCRD42023406165;https://tinyurl.com/4ekzpbrj.
■PRR1-10.2196/47711。
目的：我们的综述旨在综合当前系统评价的结果，以调查使用ENDS戒烟率和戒烟率。此外,我们将与其他已建立的戒烟治疗方法相比，检查ENDS的戒烟率。
方法：搜索将检索系统综述，其中包括使用ENDS戒烟的临床试验和实验研究。我们还将包括非随机队列研究，追踪ENDS的使用和随后的戒烟。数据库搜索将在Embase进行，Scopus,PubMed,和7个额外的登记册。次要搜索将包括参考检查，引用追逐,并与主题专家进行磋商。两名审稿人将执行标题和摘要排除，然后是完整的论文收录过程。数据提取将由1名审阅者进行，并由第二名审阅者进行完整检查。每个系统审查将由2名审查人员使用AMSTAR2（评估系统审查的测量工具，版本2），并使用循证医学中心的“偏见目录”中的类别报告偏见。将确定方案与已发布的审查之间未报告的差异。
结果：伞式审查于2023年3月1日开始。在出版时,正在进行研究选择，数据提取和偏倚评估表的试点测试正在进行中。该审查预计将于2023年12月31日完成，随后将审查提交期刊出版。二阶荟萃分析将计算ENDS的戒烟率的范围和平均值。对效果方向的投票计数，根据戒烟率，与其他戒烟治疗(包括不治疗)相比，将用于呈现ENDS戒烟的相对有效性。引文矩阵将列出主要研究以及所有系统评价中的偏见评级。将使用校正的覆盖面积分析来计算系统评价之间的重叠研究的影响。敏感性分析将检查停止治疗的强度对戒烟率的影响。根据数据的可用性，亚组分析将根据参与者的性别进行，年龄,先前的戒烟尝试，尼古丁依赖。将使用证据分层技术评估证据综合的强弱。报告偏差将与偏差指标表一起显示。将评估出版偏见。
结论：使用ENDS戒烟是一个非常有争议的话题。通过对现有数据的详尽综合，我们将介绍ENDS获得的戒烟率，以及它们如何与其他既定戒烟治疗获得的戒烟率进行比较。系统评价的关键质量和偏见评估将表明最可靠的来源，以告知治疗考虑和政策制定。
背景：PROSPEROCRD42023406165;https://tinyurl.com/4ekzpbrj.
■PRR1-10.2196/47711。
