PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Relatively little is known about how the diet of chronically undernourished children may impact cardiometabolic biomarkers. The objective of this exploratory study was to characterise relationships between dietary patterns and the cardiometabolic profile of 153 3-5-year-old Peruvian children with a high prevalence of chronic undernutrition. We collected monthly dietary recalls from children when they were 9-24 months old. At 3-5 years, additional dietary recalls were collected, and blood pressure, height, weight, subscapular skinfolds and fasting plasma glucose, insulin and lipid profiles were assessed. Nutrient intakes were expressed as average density per 100 kcals (i) from 9 to 24 months and (ii) at follow-up. The treelet transform and sparse reduced rank regress\'ion (RRR) were used to summarize nutrient intake data. Linear regression models were then used to compare these factors to cardiometabolic outcomes and anthropometry. Linear regression models adjusting for subscapular skinfold-for-age Z-scores (SSFZ) were then used to test whether observed relationships were mediated by body composition. 26 % of children were stunted at 3-5 years old. Both treelet transform and sparse RRR-derived child dietary factors are related to protein intake and associated with total cholesterol and SSFZ. Associations between dietary factors and insulin were attenuated after adjusting for SSFZ, suggesting that body composition mediated these relationships. Dietary factors in early childhood, influenced by protein intake, are associated with cholesterol profiles, fasting glucose and body fat in a chronically undernourished population.
摘要：
关于长期营养不良儿童的饮食如何影响心脏代谢生物标志物，人们知之甚少。这项探索性研究的目的是描述153名3-5岁的秘鲁儿童的饮食模式与心脏代谢谱之间的关系，这些儿童患有慢性营养不良。我们收集了9-24个月大的儿童每月的饮食回忆。在3-5年，收集了额外的饮食召回，还有血压,高度,体重,肩胛骨下皮肤皱褶和空腹血糖，对胰岛素和血脂进行了评估.营养素摄入量表示为每100千卡的平均密度（i）从9到24个月和（ii）随访。小树变换和稀疏降低秩回归（RRR）用于总结营养摄入量数据。然后使用线性回归模型将这些因素与心脏代谢结果和人体测量学进行比较。然后使用线性回归模型调整肩胛骨下皮褶年龄Z评分（SSFZ），以测试观察到的关系是否由身体成分介导。26%的儿童在3-5岁时发育迟缓。小树转化和稀疏RRR衍生的儿童饮食因素均与蛋白质摄入相关，并与总胆固醇和SSFZ相关。调整SSFZ后，饮食因素与胰岛素之间的关联减弱，表明身体成分介导了这些关系。儿童早期的饮食因素，受蛋白质摄入量的影响，与胆固醇分布有关，长期营养不良人群的空腹血糖和体内脂肪。
