背景:COVID-19疫苗接种覆盖率显示居住地或种族之间加强剂量的差异。这项研究的目的是评估社会人口状况如何影响秘鲁针对COVID-19的加强剂量疫苗接种覆盖率不平等。
方法:回顾性研究,生态研究,对秘鲁196个省进行了评估。社会人口状况被评估为不平等的来源(性别,年龄组,教育水平,居住面积,和种族群体)。使用的不等式度量是GINI,该指数显示,在秘鲁人省份,第三和第四剂针对COVID-19的疫苗接种覆盖率不相等。该索引允许当值接近1时确定较高的不等式,并且当值接近0时确定较低的不等式。此外,通过将GINI系数分解为Sk(成分效应)的分析来评估每种社会人口统计学状况在一般不平等中的影响,Gk(再分配效应),Rk(微分效应)。
结果:在评估的省份中,第三次和第四次加强剂量的平均疫苗覆盖率分别为57.00%和22.19%,分别在疫苗接种运动开始后的12个月。GINI系数为0.33和0.31,对于第三和第四加强剂量覆盖率,分别。在分解分析中,在第三和第四剂疫苗接种运动开始十二个月后,揭示了生活在农村地区的人们更高的Sk值(Sk=0.94与Sk=2.39,分别用于第三和第四剂量),而艾马拉的Gk值较高(Gk=0.92vs.Gk分别=0.92),盖丘亚语(Gk=0.53vs.Gk分别=0.53),和非洲秘鲁人(Gk=0.61vs.Gk分别=0.61)。此外,基础教育人群的Rk值负相关较高(Rk=-0.43vs.Rk分别=-0.33),年龄在15至19岁之间(Rk=-0.49与Rk分别=-0.37),和艾马拉(Rk=-0.51vs.Rk分别=-0.66)。
结论:农村居住区,较低的教育和盖丘亚语,艾马拉人或非洲裔秘鲁人种族决定了秘鲁各省COVID-19疫苗接种覆盖率的不平等。
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 vaccination coverage shows variability in booster doses between residency areas or ethnicity. The aim of this study was to evaluate how sociodemographic conditions influence unequal vaccination coverage with booster doses against COVID-19 in
Peru.
METHODS: A retrospective, ecological study with an evaluation of 196 provinces in
Peru. The sociodemographic conditions were evaluated as sources of inequality (sex, age group, educational level, residence area, and ethnic group). The inequality measure used was the GINI, an index that show the inequal vaccination coverage with third and fourth booster doses against COVID-19 in Peruvians provinces. The index allow determinate a higher inequality when the value is near to 1, and a lower inequality when the value is near to 0. Also, the impact of each sociodemographic condition in the general inequality was evaluate with a decomposition analysis of GINI coefficient into Sk (composition effect), Gk (redistribution effect), Rk (differential effect).
RESULTS: In provinces evaluated the mean vaccine coverage for the third and fourth booster doses was 57.00% and 22.19%, respectively at twelve months since the beginning of vaccination campaign. The GINI coefficient was 0.33 and 0.31, for the third and fourth booster doses coverage, respectively. In the decomposition analysis, twelve months after the start of the third and fourth dose vaccination campaign, revealed higher Sk values for people living in rural areas (Sk = 0.94 vs. Sk = 2.39, respectively for third and fourth dose), while higher Gk values for Aymara (Gk = 0.92 vs. Gk = 0.92, respectively), Quechua (Gk = 0.53 vs. Gk = 0.53, respectively), and Afro-Peruvians (Gk = 0.61 vs. Gk = 0.61, respectively). Also, higher negative correlation in Rk values for people with elementary education (Rk=-0.43 vs. Rk=-0.33, respectively), aged between 15 and 19 years (Rk=-0.49 vs. Rk=-0.37, respectively), and Aymara (Rk=-0.51 vs. Rk=-0.66, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS: The rural residency area, lower education and Quechua, Aymara or Afro-Peruvians ethnicity determinated inequalities in vaccination coverage with booster doses against COVID-19 in Peruvian provinces.