Abstract：
The insertion of genes into mitochondria by biolistic transformation is currently only possible in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the algae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. The fact that S. cerevisiae mitochondria can exist with partial (ρ- mutants) or complete deletions (ρ0 mutants) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), without requiring a specific origin of replication, enables the propagation of exogenous sequences. Additionally, mtDNA in this organism undergoes efficient homologous recombination, making it well-suited for genetic manipulation. In this review, we present a summarized historical overview of the development of biolistic transformation and discuss iconic applications of the technique. We also provide a detailed example on how to obtain transformants with recombined foreign DNA in their mitochondrial genome.
摘要：
目前，只有在酿酒酵母和藻类衣藻中，才能通过生物射弹转化将基因插入线粒体。酿酒酵母线粒体可以存在线粒体DNA（mtDNA）的部分（ρ-突变体）或完全缺失（ρ0突变体），不需要特定的复制起点，使得外源序列能够繁殖。此外,这种生物体中的mtDNA经历有效的同源重组，使其非常适合基因操作。在这次审查中,我们对生物射弹转化的发展进行了概述，并讨论了该技术的标志性应用。我们还提供了一个详细的例子，说明如何获得线粒体基因组中重组外源DNA的转化体。
