Abstract：
It is well-established that addiction is typically associated with a distinct pattern of neurocognitive functioning with a consensus that it is typified by impaired top-down executive control and aberrant risk-reward processing. Despite a consensus that neurocognition plays an important role in characterizing and maintaining addictive disorders, there is a lack of systematic, bottom-up synthesis of quantitative evidence showing that neurocognition predicts addictive behaviors, and which neurocognitive constructs have the best predictive validity. This systematic review aimed to assess whether cognitive control and risk-reward processes as defined by the Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) predict the development and maintenance of addictive behaviors specifically, consumption, severity, and relapse. The findings from this review expose the substantial lack of evidence for neurocognition predicting addiction outcomes. However, there is evidence that suggests reward-related neurocognitive processes may be important for the detection of early risk for addiction, as well as a potentially viable target for designing novel, more effective interventions.
摘要：
众所周知，成瘾通常与神经认知功能的独特模式有关，共识是自上而下的执行控制受损和异常的风险回报处理。尽管人们一致认为神经认知在表征和维持成瘾性障碍中起着重要作用，缺乏系统性，自下而上的定量证据表明神经认知可以预测成瘾行为，以及哪些神经认知结构具有最好的预测有效性。本系统综述旨在评估研究领域标准（RDoC）定义的认知控制和风险回报过程是否可以预测成瘾行为的发展和维持，消费,严重程度,和复发。这篇综述的发现揭示了大量缺乏神经认知预测成瘾结果的证据。然而,有证据表明，奖励相关的神经认知过程对于检测早期成瘾风险可能很重要，以及设计新颖的潜在可行目标，更有效的干预措施。
