PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are common in children and adolescents. In recent years, interest in the role of diet in the treatment of FGIDs has increased. Currently, interest focuses on the low-FODMAP diet (LFD), the fructose- or lactose-restricted diet (FRD or LRD), the gluten-free diet (GFD), and the Mediterranean diet (MD). In this review, we focus on the role of these dietary patterns in the FGIDs most commonly diagnosed in clinical practice, namely irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional abdominal pain (FAP), functional dyspepsia (FD), and functional constipation (FC). Fifteen clinical trials were systematically reviewed (both RCTs and single-arm clinical trials). We demonstrated the lack of high-quality intervention trials. Based on current evidence, low-FODMAP diet, LRD, FRD, and GFD have no place in daily clinical practice for the management of children and adolescents with FGIDs. Nevertheless, some patients with IBS or RAP may experience some benefit from the use of a low-FODMAP diet or FRD/LRD. Limited data suggest that MD may be promising in the management of FGIDs, especially in IBS patients, but more data are required to investigate the mechanisms of its protective effects.
摘要：
功能性胃肠病（FGIDs）常见于儿童和青少年。近年来,人们对饮食在FGIDs治疗中的作用越来越感兴趣.目前,兴趣集中在低FODMAP饮食(LFD)上，果糖或乳糖限制饮食（FRD或LRD），无麸质饮食（GFD），地中海饮食（MD）。在这次审查中,我们关注这些饮食模式在临床实践中最常见的FGID中的作用，即肠易激综合征（IBS），功能性腹痛（FAP），功能性消化不良（FD），和功能性便秘（FC）。系统回顾了15项临床试验（RCTs和单臂临床试验）。我们证明了缺乏高质量的干预试验。根据目前的证据,低FODMAP饮食，LRD,FRD,GFD在日常临床实践中没有用于治疗患有FGID的儿童和青少年。然而，一些IBS或RAP患者可能会从使用低FODMAP饮食或FRD/LRD中获益.有限的数据表明，MD在FGID的管理方面可能很有前途，尤其是在IBS患者中，但是需要更多的数据来研究其保护作用的机制。
