PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Interoception, the representation of the body\'s internal state, serves as a foundation for emotion, motivation, and wellbeing. Yet despite its centrality in human experience, the neural mechanisms of interoceptive attention are poorly understood. The Interoceptive/Exteroceptive Attention Task (IEAT) is a novel neuroimaging paradigm that compares behavioral tracking of the respiratory cycle (Active Interoception) to tracking of a visual stimulus (Active Exteroception). Twenty-two healthy participants completed the IEAT during two separate scanning sessions (N = 44) as part of a randomized control trial of mindful awareness in body-oriented therapy (MABT). Compared with Active Exteroception, Active Interoception deactivated somatomotor and prefrontal regions. Greater self-reported interoceptive sensibility (MAIA scale) predicted sparing from deactivation within the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and left-lateralized language regions. The right insula, typically described as a primary interoceptive cortex, was only specifically implicated by its deactivation during an exogenously paced respiration condition (Active Matching) relative to self-paced Active Interoception. Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) analysis characterized Active Interoception as promoting greater ACC connectivity with lateral prefrontal and parietal regions commonly referred to as the dorsal attention network (DAN). In contrast to evidence relating accurate detection of liminal interoceptive signals such as the heartbeat to anterior insula activity, interoceptive attention toward salient signals such as the respiratory cycle may involve reduced cortical activity but greater ACC-DAN connectivity, with greater sensibility linked to reduced deactivation within the ACC and language-processing regions.
摘要：
Interoception,身体内部状态的表示，作为情感的基础，动机，和幸福。然而，尽管它在人类经验中占有中心地位，对感知力间注意的神经机制了解甚少。交互感受/外感受注意任务（IEAT）是一种新颖的神经成像范例，它将呼吸周期的行为跟踪（主动交互感受）与视觉刺激的跟踪（主动交互感受）进行了比较。22名健康参与者在两个单独的扫描会话（N=44）中完成了IEAT，这是针对身体疗法（MABT）的正念意识的随机对照试验的一部分。与主动外感相比，主动感觉使躯体运动和前额叶区域失活。自我报告的相互感受感（MAIA量表）更大，可以避免前扣带皮层（ACC）和左侧语言区域内的失活。右岛-通常被描述为主要的感知力皮层-仅在相对于自适应的主动互感的外在节奏的呼吸条件（主动匹配）期间被失活而被明确牵连。心理生理相互作用（PPI）分析将主动感觉表征为促进与通常称为背侧注意网络（DAN）的外侧前额叶和顶叶区域的更大ACC连通性。与准确检测诸如心跳与前脑岛活动的阈值间感受信号的证据相反，对显著信号（如呼吸周期）的互感注意可能涉及皮质活动减少，但ACC-DAN连通性增强，更高的敏感性与行政协调会和语言处理区域内减少的停用有关。显著性陈述交互感受，身体内部状态的表示，与外部感官相比，我们知之甚少，与现有的神经影像学研究未能匹配任务难度之间的交互和外感受任务。本研究使用了一种新颖的fMRI任务来比较感知力和外感知力，并探讨这种区别是否受到自我报告的感知力的调节。结果暗示了三种新的感觉间机制：感觉间的注意力减少了广泛的皮层活动，同时增加了前额叶的连通性，其中更高的自我报告的相互感受意识与前扣带皮层和语言区域的保留激活有关。与其增加感觉皮层的激活，对呼吸的互感关注可能涉及对身体表征的关注，通常被忽略，而有利于外感受信息和其他形式的认知。
