Abstract：
The number of migrants in the European Union (EU) has been growing, including migrants at risk of using drugs. Little information is available on the actual drug use among first-generation migrants who use drugs in the EU, nor on their access to drug dependency services. This study aims to reach consensus among experts in the EU on the current situation regarding vulnerable migrants who use drugs in the EU and to develop a set of actionable recommendations.
Between April and September 2022, a panel of 57 experts on migration and/or drug use, working in 24 countries, participated in a three-stage Delphi study to develop statements and recommendations about drug use and access to healthcare services for migrants who use drugs in the EU.
High levels of agreement were reached on the 20 statements (mean=98.0%) and 15 recommendations (mean=99.7%). The recommendations focus on four main topics; 1) increasing data availability and quality, to inform guidelines; 2) increasing the availability of drug dependency services for migrants, including screening for mental health issues and involving migrants who use drugs in the development of services; 3) eliminating country and service level barriers for accessing these services, as well as providing migrants who use drugs with suitable information, and combating stigma and discrimination; 4) the need for increased collaboration among and within EU countries regarding healthcare for migrants who use drugs, at the policy level as well as the service level, including civil society organisations, peer navigation and multilingual cultural mediators.
Policy action and increased collaboration are required by the EU as a whole and by individual EU member states, in addition to collaboration among healthcare providers and social welfare services, to increase access to healthcare services for migrants who use drugs.
Between April and September 2022, a panel of 57 experts on migration and/or drug use, working in 24 countries, participated in a three-stage Delphi study to develop statements and recommendations about drug use and access to healthcare services for migrants who use drugs in the EU.
High levels of agreement were reached on the 20 statements (mean=98.0%) and 15 recommendations (mean=99.7%). The recommendations focus on four main topics; 1) increasing data availability and quality, to inform guidelines; 2) increasing the availability of drug dependency services for migrants, including screening for mental health issues and involving migrants who use drugs in the development of services; 3) eliminating country and service level barriers for accessing these services, as well as providing migrants who use drugs with suitable information, and combating stigma and discrimination; 4) the need for increased collaboration among and within EU countries regarding healthcare for migrants who use drugs, at the policy level as well as the service level, including civil society organisations, peer navigation and multilingual cultural mediators.
Policy action and increased collaboration are required by the EU as a whole and by individual EU member states, in addition to collaboration among healthcare providers and social welfare services, to increase access to healthcare services for migrants who use drugs.
摘要：
背景：欧盟（EU）的移民人数一直在增长，包括有吸毒风险的移民。关于在欧盟使用毒品的第一代移民的实际毒品使用情况的信息很少，他们也无法获得药物依赖服务。这项研究旨在就欧盟使用毒品的弱势移民的现状在欧盟专家之间达成共识，并制定一套可行的建议。
方法：2022年4月至9月，由57名移民和/或药物使用专家组成的小组，在24个国家工作，参加了一项三阶段的德尔福研究，以制定有关在欧盟使用药物的移民的药物使用和获得医疗保健服务的声明和建议。
结果：在20项陈述（平均值=98.0%）和15项建议（平均值=99.7%）上达成了高度一致。建议集中在四个主要主题上；1)提高数据可用性和质量，为指导原则提供信息；2)增加移民药物依赖服务的可用性，包括筛查精神健康问题，并让使用药物的移民参与服务的开发；3）消除国家和服务水平获得这些服务的障碍，以及向使用毒品的移民提供适当的信息，和打击污名和歧视；4）欧盟国家之间和内部在使用毒品的移民医疗保健方面需要加强合作，在政策层面和服务层面，包括民间社会组织，同伴导航和多语言文化中介。
结论：整个欧盟和各个欧盟成员国都需要采取政策行动和加强合作，除了医疗保健提供者和社会福利服务之间的合作之外，增加使用毒品的移民获得医疗保健服务的机会。
方法：2022年4月至9月，由57名移民和/或药物使用专家组成的小组，在24个国家工作，参加了一项三阶段的德尔福研究，以制定有关在欧盟使用药物的移民的药物使用和获得医疗保健服务的声明和建议。
结果：在20项陈述（平均值=98.0%）和15项建议（平均值=99.7%）上达成了高度一致。建议集中在四个主要主题上；1)提高数据可用性和质量，为指导原则提供信息；2)增加移民药物依赖服务的可用性，包括筛查精神健康问题，并让使用药物的移民参与服务的开发；3）消除国家和服务水平获得这些服务的障碍，以及向使用毒品的移民提供适当的信息，和打击污名和歧视；4）欧盟国家之间和内部在使用毒品的移民医疗保健方面需要加强合作，在政策层面和服务层面，包括民间社会组织，同伴导航和多语言文化中介。
结论：整个欧盟和各个欧盟成员国都需要采取政策行动和加强合作，除了医疗保健提供者和社会福利服务之间的合作之外，增加使用毒品的移民获得医疗保健服务的机会。
