Abstract：
Early change in function in older adults has been termed preclinical disability (PCD). PCD has been understudied compared to other stages of disability because it is unlikely to receive comparative priority in clinical settings. It has major implications for prevention and population health as it may be the optimal time to intervene to prevent further decline. A standardized approach to research in PCD, including a common definition and measurement approaches, is needed to advance this work.
The process to establish how PCD should be defined and measured was undertaken in 2 stages: (1) a scoping review of the literature, which was used to inform (2) a web-enabled consensus meeting with content experts.
The scoping review and the consensus meeting support the use of the term preclinical mobility limitation (PCML) and that it should be measured using both patient-reported and performance-based measures. It was agreed that the definition of PCML should include modification of frequency and/or method of task completion, without overt disability, and that requisite mobility tasks include walking (distance and speed), stairs, and transfers.
Currently, there are few standardized assessments that can identify PCML. PCML is the term that most clearly describes the stage where people experience a change in routine mobility tasks, without a perception of disability. Further evaluation into the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of outcome measures is needed to advance research on PCML.
The process to establish how PCD should be defined and measured was undertaken in 2 stages: (1) a scoping review of the literature, which was used to inform (2) a web-enabled consensus meeting with content experts.
The scoping review and the consensus meeting support the use of the term preclinical mobility limitation (PCML) and that it should be measured using both patient-reported and performance-based measures. It was agreed that the definition of PCML should include modification of frequency and/or method of task completion, without overt disability, and that requisite mobility tasks include walking (distance and speed), stairs, and transfers.
Currently, there are few standardized assessments that can identify PCML. PCML is the term that most clearly describes the stage where people experience a change in routine mobility tasks, without a perception of disability. Further evaluation into the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of outcome measures is needed to advance research on PCML.
摘要：
老年人功能的早期变化被称为临床前残疾（PCD）。与其他残疾阶段相比，PCD的研究不足，因为它不太可能在临床环境中获得相对优先地位。它对预防和人口健康具有重大影响，因为它可能是进行干预以防止进一步下降的最佳时机。PCD研究的标准化方法，包括通用的定义和测量方法，需要推进这项工作。TheprocesstoestablishhowPCDshouldbedefinedandmeasuredwasundertakenin2stages:1)ascopingreviewoftheliterature,用于通知2）与内容专家的网络共识会议。范围审查和共识会议的结果支持使用术语临床前活动限制（PCML），并且应使用患者报告和基于性能的措施进行测量。会议同意PCML的定义应包括修改任务完成的频率和/或方法，没有明显的残疾，必要的移动任务包括步行（距离和速度），楼梯和转移。目前,很少有标准化评估可以识别PCML。PCML是最清楚地描述人们在日常移动任务中经历变化的阶段的术语。没有残疾的感觉。进一步评估可靠性，需要结果测量的有效性和响应性,以推进PCML的研究.
