Abstract：
DARVO (deny, attack, reverse victim and offender) is a response exhibited by perpetrators to deflect blame and responsibility. When using DARVO, perpetrators deny their involvement in wrongdoing, attack their victims\' credibility, and argue that they are the real victims. The purpose of this study was to measure the influence of DARVO and another manipulative tactic-insincere perpetrator apologies-on observers\' judgments of a victim and perpetrator in a fictional sexual violence scenario. Perpetrator DARVO was experimentally manipulated via fictional vignettes to measure their impact on perceived perpetrator and victim abusiveness, responsibility, and believability. Data from 230 undergraduate students revealed that participants who were exposed to perpetrator DARVO rated the perpetrator as less abusive (ηp2=.09, 90% CI [0.04, 0.15]), less responsible for the sexual assault (ηp2=.02, [0.001, 0.06]), and more believable compared (ηp2=.03, [0.002, 0.07]) to participants who were exposed to a perpetrator who did not use DARVO. DARVO-exposed participants rated the victim as more abusive (ηp2=.09, [0.04, 0.14]) and less believable (ηp2=.08, [0.03, 0.14]), and also expressed less willingness to punish the perpetrator and greater willingness to punish the victim. Insincere apologies had minimal impact on ratings. By promoting distrust in victims and less punitive views of perpetrators, DARVO might contribute to rape-supporting outcomes such as victim blaming, greater victim distress, and low rates of rape reporting and perpetrator prosecution.
摘要：
DARVO(否认,攻击,反向受害者和罪犯)是肇事者表现出的转移责任和责任的反应。使用DARVO时,肇事者否认他们参与不法行为，攻击他们的受害者的可信度，认为他们才是真正的受害者.这项研究的目的是衡量在虚构的性暴力场景中，DARVO和另一种操纵性战术-虚伪的犯罪者道歉对观察者对受害者和犯罪者的判断的影响。犯罪者DARVO通过虚构的小插曲进行实验操纵，以衡量其对感知到的犯罪者和受害者滥用的影响，责任,和可信度。来自230名本科生的数据显示，暴露于犯罪者DARVO的参与者将犯罪者评为较少虐待（ηp2=.09，90％CI[0.04，0.15]），对性侵犯的责任较小(ηp2=.02，[0.001，0.06])，与未使用DARVO的犯罪者接触的参与者相比（ηp2=.03，[0.002，0.07]）更可信。DARVO-exposedparticipantsradedthevictimasmoreabusive(ηp2=.09,[0.04,0.14])andlessbelievable(ηp2=.08,[0.03,0.14]),并表示不太愿意惩罚肇事者，而更愿意惩罚受害者。不真诚的道歉对收视率的影响微乎其微。通过促进对受害者的不信任和对肇事者的惩罚性观点，DARVO可能有助于强奸支持结果，例如受害者指责，更大的受害者痛苦，强奸举报率和犯罪者起诉率低。
