PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have evolved since their introduction to medicine in the 1990s. More powerful software, the miniaturization of hardware, and greater accessibility and affordability enabled novel applications of such virtual tools in surgical practice. This scoping review aims to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the literature by including all articles between 2018 and 2021 pertaining to VR and AR and their use by plastic and craniofacial surgeons in a clinician-as-user, patient-specific manner. From the initial 1637 articles, 10 were eligible for final review. These discussed a variety of clinical applications: perforator flaps reconstruction, mastectomy reconstruction, lymphovenous anastomosis, metopic craniosynostosis, dermal filler injection, auricular reconstruction, facial vascularized composite allotransplantation, and facial artery mapping. More than half (60%) involved VR/AR use intraoperatively with the remainder (40%) examining preoperative use. The hardware used predominantly comprised HoloLens (40%) and smartphones (40%). In total, 9/10 Studies utilized an AR platform. This review found consensus that VR/AR in plastic and craniomaxillofacial surgery has been used to enhance surgeons\' knowledge of patient-specific anatomy and potentially facilitated decreased intraoperative time via preoperative planning. However, further outcome-focused research is required to better establish the usability of this technology in everyday practice.
摘要：
虚拟现实（VR）和增强现实（AR）自20世纪90年代引入医学以来一直在发展。更强大的软件，硬件的小型化，和更大的可访问性和可负担性使得这种虚拟工具在外科手术实践中的新颖应用成为可能。这项范围审查旨在对文献进行全面分析，包括2018年至2021年之间有关VR和AR的所有文章，以及整形外科医生和颅面外科医生在临床医生中的使用情况。患者特有的方式。从最初的1637篇文章开始，10人有资格进行最终审查。这些讨论了各种临床应用：穿支皮瓣重建，乳房切除术重建,淋巴静脉吻合术,异位性颅骨融合,真皮填充剂注射，耳廓重建,面部血管化复合同种异体移植，和面部动脉标测.超过一半（60％）涉及术中使用VR/AR，其余（40％）检查术前使用。使用的硬件主要包括HoloLens（40%）和智能手机（40%）。总的来说,9/10研究使用AR平台。这篇综述发现共识，VR/AR在整形和颅颌面手术中已被用于增强外科医生对患者特定解剖结构的了解，并可能通过术前计划减少术中时间。然而,需要进一步的以结果为重点的研究，以更好地建立该技术在日常实践中的可用性。
