PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Over the years, several developing countries have been suffering from high infant and child mortality rates, however, according to the recent statistics, Pakistan falls high on the list. Our narrative review of copious research on this topic highlights that several factors, such as complications associated with premature births, high prevalence of birth defects, lack of vaccination, unsafe deliveries, poor breastfeeding practices, complications during delivery, sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), poor socioeconomic conditions, and a struggling healthcare system, have influenced these rates. Bearing in mind the urgency of addressing the increased infant and child mortality rate in Pakistan, multiple steps must be taken in order to prevent unnecessary deaths. An effective initiative could be spreading awareness and education among women, as a lack of education among women has been indirectly linked to increased child mortality in Pakistan across many researches conducted on the issue. Furthermore, the government should invest in healthcare by hiring more physicians and providing better supplies and improving infrastructure, especially in underdeveloped areas, to decrease child mortality due to lack of clean water and poor hygiene. Lastly, telemedicine should be made common in order to provide easy access to women who cannot visit the hospital.
摘要：
多年来,一些发展中国家的婴儿和儿童死亡率很高，然而,根据最近的统计，巴基斯坦在名单上名列前茅。我们对这一主题的大量研究的叙述回顾强调了几个因素，如与早产相关的并发症，出生缺陷患病率高，缺乏疫苗接种，不安全的交付，不良的母乳喂养做法，分娩期间的并发症，婴儿猝死综合征（SIDS），恶劣的社会经济条件，和一个苦苦挣扎的医疗系统，影响了这些比率。铭记迫切需要解决巴基斯坦婴儿和儿童死亡率上升的问题，为了防止不必要的死亡，必须采取多个步骤。一项有效的举措可以是在妇女中传播认识和教育，在许多关于这一问题的研究中，妇女缺乏教育与巴基斯坦儿童死亡率上升有间接联系。此外，政府应该通过雇用更多的医生，提供更好的供应和改善基础设施来投资医疗保健，特别是在欠发达地区，减少由于缺乏清洁水和卫生条件差而导致的儿童死亡率。最后,远程医疗应该普及，以便为无法访问医院的妇女提供便利。
