METHODS: We enrolled 75 patients with Omicron variant breakthrough infections, and 87 patients with WT infections. We recorded the clinical characteristics and vaccination information of all patients and measured the NAb and anti-S1 (spike protein) + N (nucleocapsid protein) IgG-binding antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 in serum samples of Omicron variant-infected patients at admission, and patients with WT COVID-19 infection from the time of admission and discharge, and one-year to two-years follow-ups.
RESULTS: Our results demonstrated higher NAb levels, fewer clinical symptoms, and faster viral shedding in Omicron variant infected patients vaccinated with the booster dose. Hybrid immunity (natural infection plus vaccination) induces higher NAb levels than vaccine-only immunity. NAb and IgG levels decreased significantly at one-year follow-up in WT convalescents with natural infection. The NAb and IgG levels in booster-vaccinated COVID-19 patients were higher than those in two-dose-vaccinated patients.
CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that booster vaccinations are required to improve the level of protective NAbs. Moreover, our data provide important evidence for vaccination strategies based on existing vaccines.
方法:我们招募了75例Omicron变异型突破性感染患者,和87例WT感染患者。我们记录了所有患者的临床特征和疫苗接种信息,并测量了Omicron变异感染患者的血清样本中针对SARS-CoV-2的NAb和抗S1(刺突蛋白)N(核衣壳蛋白)IgG结合抗体。入院时,和WTCOVID-19感染的患者从入院到出院,和一年到两年的随访。
结果:我们的结果显示了更高的NAb水平,临床症状较少,并且在Omicron变体感染的患者中更快的病毒脱落接种了加强剂量的疫苗。混合免疫(自然感染加疫苗接种)诱导比仅疫苗免疫更高的NAb水平。在自然感染的WT康复患者中,NAb和IgG水平在一年的随访中显着下降。加强疫苗接种的COVID-19患者的NAb和IgG水平高于两次疫苗接种的患者。
结论:我们的结果表明,需要加强疫苗接种来提高保护性NAb的水平。此外,我们的数据为基于现有疫苗的疫苗接种策略提供了重要证据.