Abstract：
Groundwater is the main source of production and living in most arid and semi-arid areas, and it plays an increasingly critical role in achieving local urban development. There is a serious issue regarding the contradiction between urban development and groundwater protection. In this study, we used three different models to assess the groundwater vulnerability of Guyuan City, including DRASTIC model, analytical hierarchy process-DRASTIC model (AHP-DRASTIC) and variable weight theory-DRASTIC model (VW-DRASTIC). The groundwater vulnerability index (GVI) of the study area was calculated in ArcGIS. Based on the magnitude of GVI, the groundwater vulnerability was classified into five classes: very high, high, medium, low, and very low using the natural breakpoint method, and the groundwater vulnerability map (GVM) of the study area was drawn. In order to validate the accuracy of groundwater vulnerability, the Spearman correlation coefficient was used, and the results showed that the VW-DRASTIC model performed best among the three models (ρ=0.83). The improved VW-DRASTIC model shows that the variable weight model effectively improves the accuracy of the DRASTIC model, which is more suitable for the study area. Finally, based on the results of GVM combined with the distribution of F- and urban development planning, suggestions were proposed for further sustainable groundwater management. This study provides a scientific basis for groundwater management in Guyuan City, which can be an example for similar areas, particularly in arid and semi-arid areas.
摘要：
地下水是大多数干旱和半干旱地区生产和生活的主要来源,它在实现当地城市发展中发挥着越来越重要的作用。关于城市发展与地下水保护之间的矛盾，存在一个严重的问题。在这项研究中,我们使用三种不同的模型来评估固原市地下水脆弱性，包括DRASTIC模型,层次分析法-DRASTIC模型(AHP-DRASTIC)和变权理论-DRASTIC模型(VW-DRASTIC)。在ArcGIS中计算了研究区的地下水脆弱性指数（GVI）。根据GVI的大小,地下水脆弱性分为五类:非常高，高,中等,低,并且使用自然断点方法非常低，绘制了研究区地下水脆弱性图(GVM)。为了验证地下水脆弱性的准确性，使用Spearman相关系数，结果表明，VW-DRASTIC模型在三个模型中表现最好(ρ=0.83)。改进的VW-DRASTIC模型表明,变权模型有效地提高了DRASTIC模型的精度,更适合研究区域。最后,根据GVM的结果，结合F分布和城市发展规划，提出了进一步可持续地下水管理的建议。本研究为固原市地下水管理提供了科学依据。这可能是类似地区的一个例子，特别是在干旱和半干旱地区。
