Abstract：
Urbanization, particularly in peri-urban areas, often results in critically transforming the regional land use and land cover (LULC). The increased built-up in peri-urban areas affects the regional accessibility of residents of urban clusters to requisite amenities and severely affects the regional environment, as observed in the case of Jammu district situated in the foothills of the Indian Himalayas. The present study is aimed at assessing the rise of urban sprawls in Jammu district over the past two decades and how the urbanization has affected the lag in the number of amenities corresponding to the urban growth based on qualitative parameters. Further, a parameterization scheme is developed to assess the amenities quality. A comparison is made with Indore, a planned smart city, to assess the status of urbanization and residential quality based on an amenity index. The study also investigates the indifferences observed in some of the climate variables in the urban and sub-urban settings of the Jammu district. The investigation is conducted through a multi-ring buffer analysis approach utilizing the land use land cover (LULC) products based on Landsat 8/7 satellite imagery of 2002, 2013, and 2021. The indifferences in the settings are analyzed using MODIS aerosol optical depth (AOD) and land surface temperature (LST) products. The analysis leads to determination of critical urban parameters including the urban area, density, and growth rate, revealing significant urbanization at 25-27 km from the city center. Significant indifferences are observed in urban and sub-urban areas indicating higher rise in LST and AOD, particularly in the recent decade. These investigations provide critical information to urban and climate solution authorities for planning and management, particularly in critically endangered areas.
摘要：
城市化,特别是在城市周边地区，通常会导致严重改变区域土地利用和土地覆盖(LULC)。城市周边地区的建筑增加影响了城市群居民对必要便利设施的区域可及性，并严重影响了区域环境，正如在印度喜马拉雅山山麓的查mu地区所观察到的那样。本研究旨在评估过去二十年来查谟地区城市扩张的增长，以及城市化如何根据定性参数影响与城市增长相对应的便利设施数量的滞后。Further,制定了参数化方案来评估设施质量。与印多尔进行了比较，规划中的智慧城市,基于舒适性指数评估城市化和住宅质量的现状。该研究还调查了查mu区城市和郊区环境中某些气候变量中观察到的无差别。调查是通过多环缓冲区分析方法进行的，该方法利用了基于2002年，2013年和2021年Landsat8/7卫星图像的土地利用土地覆盖（LULC）产品。使用MODIS气溶胶光学深度（AOD）和地表温度（LST）产品分析了设置中的差异。分析导致确定关键城市参数，包括城市区域，密度,和增长率，揭示了距市中心25-27公里的显着城市化。在城市和城市以下地区观察到显着的差异，表明LST和AOD的上升较高，特别是在最近十年。这些调查为城市和气候解决方案当局的规划和管理提供了关键信息，特别是在极度濒危的地区。
