Abstract：
(1) Background: To systematically review evidence on the safety and efficacy of psychopharmacological treatments available for psychomotor agitation (PA) in children and adolescents. (2) Methods: Studies assessing the safety and efficacy of psychopharmacological treatments for acute PA in children and adolescents that were published between January 1984 and June 2022 on PubMed were systematically reviewed. We included: (i) papers that presented a combination of the search terms specified in the \"Search strategy\" sub-paragraph; (ii) manuscripts in English; (iii) original papers; (iv) prospective or retrospective/observational studies and experimental or quasi-experimental reports. The exclusion criteria were: (i) review papers; (ii) non-original studies including editorials and book reviews; (iii) studies not specifically designed and focused on the selected topic. (3) Results: We selected 42 papers: 11 case series (11/42, 26.19%), 8 chart reviews (8/42, 19.05%), 8 case reports (8/42, 19.05%), 6 double-blind placebo-controlled randomized studies (6/42, 14.29%), 4 double-blind controlled randomized studies (4/42, 9.52%), 4 open-label trials (4/42, 9.52%) and 1 case control (1/42, 2.38%). (4) Conclusions: The drugs most frequently used to treat agitation in children and adolescents were ziprasidone, risperidone, aripiprazole, olanzapine and valproic acid. Further studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy/safety ratio, considering the limited number of observations in this field.
摘要：
（1）背景：系统地回顾有关可用于儿童和青少年精神运动性躁动（PA）的精神药理学治疗的安全性和有效性的证据。（2）方法：系统回顾了1984年1月至2022年6月在PubMed上发表的评估儿童和青少年急性PA精神药理学治疗安全性和有效性的研究。我们包括：（i）提出“搜索策略”分段中指定的搜索术语组合的论文；（ii）英文手稿；（iii）原始论文；（iv）前瞻性或回顾性/观察性研究以及实验或准实验报告。排除标准是：（i）评论论文；（ii）非原创研究，包括社论和书评；（iii）未专门设计并专注于选定主题的研究。（3）结果：我们选择了42篇论文：11例系列（11/42，26.19％），8条图表评论（8/42，19.05%），8例（8/42，19.05%），6项双盲安慰剂对照随机研究（6/42，14.29%），4项随机双盲对照研究(4/42,9.52%),开放标签试验4例（4/42，9.52%）和病例对照1例（1/42，2.38%）。（4）结论：最常用于治疗儿童和青少年躁动的药物是齐拉西酮，利培酮,阿立哌唑,奥氮平和丙戊酸。需要进一步的研究来评估疗效/安全性比，考虑到这一领域的观测数量有限。
