Abstract：
Theoretical and conceptual frameworks are often underutilized in research, which may diminish understanding of the phenomena and contribute to the under-development of interventions. The topic of low/disparate rates of Advance Care Planning (ACP) among African Americans has been researched extensively; however, the use of theoretical and/or conceptual frameworks has not been reported. The purpose of this review is to describe theoretical and/or conceptual frameworks utilized in studies that investigated factors affecting perceptions of ACP or ACP rates among African Americans.
Utilizing a narrative, literature review process, themes were generated, applied, and described with frequencies across broad categories of study characteristics, framework categories and key constructs, mode of framework application, and quality of framework reporting.
Four main types of frameworks were found with behavioral frameworks dominating the collection of studies. Complex, systems theoretical frameworks were less common. Framework use and reporting quality findings are described.
The problem of disparate rates of ACP among African Americans is nuanced and varied, stemming from both internal (e.g., personal, behavioral) and external factors (e.g., living conditions). While important and necessary to focus on internal, psychological factors, it is also vital to incorporate systems\' theories such as the Cumulative Disadvantage Theory to better understand and demonstrate inherent complexities. Recommendations for framework use are discussed for research and clinical application. Incorporating complexity science approaches and multi-systems theories may support multi-level modeling needed to understand this problem and reduce ACP disparities in this population.
Utilizing a narrative, literature review process, themes were generated, applied, and described with frequencies across broad categories of study characteristics, framework categories and key constructs, mode of framework application, and quality of framework reporting.
Four main types of frameworks were found with behavioral frameworks dominating the collection of studies. Complex, systems theoretical frameworks were less common. Framework use and reporting quality findings are described.
The problem of disparate rates of ACP among African Americans is nuanced and varied, stemming from both internal (e.g., personal, behavioral) and external factors (e.g., living conditions). While important and necessary to focus on internal, psychological factors, it is also vital to incorporate systems\' theories such as the Cumulative Disadvantage Theory to better understand and demonstrate inherent complexities. Recommendations for framework use are discussed for research and clinical application. Incorporating complexity science approaches and multi-systems theories may support multi-level modeling needed to understand this problem and reduce ACP disparities in this population.
摘要：
理论和概念框架在研究中往往未得到充分利用，这可能会削弱对现象的理解，并导致干预措施的发展不足。在非洲裔美国人中，预先护理计划（ACP）的低/不同比率的主题已经得到了广泛的研究；然而，尚未报告使用理论和/或概念框架。这篇评论的目的是描述研究中使用的理论和/或概念框架，这些研究调查了影响非裔美国人对ACP或ACP比率的看法的因素。
利用叙述,文献综述过程，产生了主题，应用,并描述了各种研究特征的频率，框架类别和关键结构，框架应用模式，以及框架报告的质量。
发现了四种主要类型的框架，其中行为框架主导着研究的集合。复杂，系统理论框架不太常见。描述了框架使用和报告质量调查结果。
非洲裔美国人中ACP比率不同的问题是微妙而多样的，源于两个内部(例如，个人,行为)和外部因素(例如，生活条件)。虽然关注内部是重要和必要的，心理因素,它也是至关重要的系统理论，如累积的劣势理论，以更好地理解和证明内在的复杂性。讨论了框架使用的建议，用于研究和临床应用。结合复杂性科学方法和多系统理论可以支持理解此问题并减少该人群中ACP差异所需的多层次建模。
利用叙述,
发现了四种主要类型的框架，其中行为框架主导着研究的集合。
非洲裔美国人中ACP比率不同的问题是微妙而多样的，
