Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that dietary intakes and gene variants have a critical role in the obesity related comorbidities. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the interactions between Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene rs174583 polymorphism and two dietary indices on cardiometabolic risk factors.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 347 obese adults aged 20-50 years old in Tabriz, Iran. Healthy eating index (HEI) and Diet quality index-international (DQI-I) were evaluated by a validated semi-quantitative 147-item Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine FADS2 gene variants. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to identify gene-diet interactions on metabolic parameters.
RESULTS: Waist circumference (WC) and serum triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher among carriers of TT genotype of FADS2 gene (P < 0.05). In addition, the interactions between FADS2 gene rs174583 polymorphism and DQI-I had significant effects on weight (P interaction = 0.01), fat mass (P interaction = 0.04), fat free mass (P interaction = 0.03), and Body mass index (BMI) (P interaction = 0.02); the highest level of these parameters belonged to TT carriers. Similarly, the interactions between FADS2 gene variants and HEI had significant effects on insulin (P interaction < 0.001), Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P interaction < 0.001), Quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) (P interaction = 0.001), and alpha Melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) (P interaction = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, for the first time, we reported the effects of gene-diet interactions on metabolic traits. Compliance with dietary indices (DQI-I and HEI) ameliorated the adverse effects of gene variants on metabolic risk factors, especially in heterogeneous genotypes. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these results.
METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out on 347 obese adults aged 20-50 years old in Tabriz, Iran. Healthy eating index (HEI) and Diet quality index-international (DQI-I) were evaluated by a validated semi-quantitative 147-item Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine FADS2 gene variants. Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) was used to identify gene-diet interactions on metabolic parameters.
RESULTS: Waist circumference (WC) and serum triglyceride (TG) levels were significantly higher among carriers of TT genotype of FADS2 gene (P < 0.05). In addition, the interactions between FADS2 gene rs174583 polymorphism and DQI-I had significant effects on weight (P interaction = 0.01), fat mass (P interaction = 0.04), fat free mass (P interaction = 0.03), and Body mass index (BMI) (P interaction = 0.02); the highest level of these parameters belonged to TT carriers. Similarly, the interactions between FADS2 gene variants and HEI had significant effects on insulin (P interaction < 0.001), Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (P interaction < 0.001), Quantitative insulin check index (QUICKI) (P interaction = 0.001), and alpha Melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH) (P interaction = 0.03).
CONCLUSIONS: In this study, for the first time, we reported the effects of gene-diet interactions on metabolic traits. Compliance with dietary indices (DQI-I and HEI) ameliorated the adverse effects of gene variants on metabolic risk factors, especially in heterogeneous genotypes. Further prospective cohort studies are needed to confirm these results.
摘要：
背景：最近的研究表明，饮食摄入和基因变异在肥胖相关的合并症中起着至关重要的作用。本研究旨在评估脂肪酸去饱和酶2(FADS2)基因rs174583多态性与两种膳食指标的交互作用对心脏代谢危险因素的影响。
方法：这项横断面研究是对大不里士347名20-50岁的肥胖成年人进行的，伊朗。通过经过验证的半定量147项食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估健康饮食指数（HEI）和国际饮食质量指数（DQI-I）。聚合酶链反应-限制性片段长度多态性（PCR-RFLP）用于确定FADS2基因变体。使用多变量协方差分析(MANCOVA)来鉴定代谢参数的基因-饮食相互作用。
结果：FADS2基因TT基因型携带者腰围（WC）和血清甘油三酯（TG）水平明显升高（P<0.05）。此外,FADS2基因rs174583多态性与DQI-I的交互作用对体重有显著影响(P交互作用=0.01),脂肪量（P相互作用=0.04），无脂肪质量(P相互作用=0.03)，和体重指数（BMI）（P交互作用=0.02）；这些参数的最高水平属于TT携带者。同样，FADS2基因变异体与HEI的相互作用对胰岛素有显著影响(P交互作用<0.001),胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）（P相互作用<0.001），定量胰岛素检查指数（QUICKI）（P交互作用=0.001），和α黑素细胞刺激素（α-MSH）（P相互作用=0.03）。
结论：在这项研究中，第一次,我们报道了基因-饮食相互作用对代谢性状的影响。饮食指数（DQI-I和HEI）的依从性改善了基因变异对代谢危险因素的不利影响，尤其是在异质基因型中。需要进一步的前瞻性队列研究来证实这些结果。
方法：这项横断面研究是对大不里士347名20-50岁的肥胖成年人进行的，
结果：FADS2基因TT基因型携带者腰围（WC）和血清甘油三酯（TG）水平明显升高（P<0.05）。
结论：在这项研究中，
