Abstract：
High-density single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are the most abundant and robust form of genetic variants and hence make highly favorable markers to determine the genetic diversity and relationship, enhancing the selection of breeding materials and the discovery of novel genes associated with economically important traits. In this study, a total of 105 barley genotypes were sampled from various agro-ecologies of Ethiopia and genotyped using 10 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The refined dataset was used to assess genetic diversity and population structure.
The average gene diversity was 0.253, polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.216, and minor allelic frequency (MAF) of 0.118 this revealed a high genetic variation in barley genotypes. The genetic differentiation also showed the existence of variations, ranging from 0.019 to 0.117, indicating moderate genetic differentiation between barley populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 46.43% and 52.85% of the total genetic variation occurred within the accessions and populations, respectively. The heat map, principal components and population structure analysis further confirm the presence of four distinct clusters.
This study confirmed that there is substantial genetic variation among the different barley genotypes. This information is useful in genomics, genetics and barley breeding.
The average gene diversity was 0.253, polymorphism information content (PIC) of 0.216, and minor allelic frequency (MAF) of 0.118 this revealed a high genetic variation in barley genotypes. The genetic differentiation also showed the existence of variations, ranging from 0.019 to 0.117, indicating moderate genetic differentiation between barley populations. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) revealed that 46.43% and 52.85% of the total genetic variation occurred within the accessions and populations, respectively. The heat map, principal components and population structure analysis further confirm the presence of four distinct clusters.
This study confirmed that there is substantial genetic variation among the different barley genotypes. This information is useful in genomics, genetics and barley breeding.
摘要：
背景：高密度单核苷酸多态性（SNP）是最丰富和最强大的遗传变异形式，因此可以作为确定遗传多样性和关系的非常有利的标记。加强育种材料的选择和与经济重要性状相关的新基因的发现。在这项研究中,从埃塞俄比亚的各种农业生态系统中采样了总共105种大麦基因型，并使用10个K单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记进行了基因分型。完善的数据集用于评估遗传多样性和种群结构。
结果：平均基因多样性为0.253，多态性信息含量（PIC）为0.216，次要等位基因频率（MAF）为0.118，这表明大麦基因型的遗传变异很高。遗传分化也表现出变异的存在，范围从0.019到0.117，表明大麦群体之间的遗传分化中等。分子方差分析（AMOVA）显示，总遗传变异的46.43％和52.85％发生在种质和种群内，分别。热地图，主成分和种群结构分析进一步证实了四个不同集群的存在。
结论：这项研究证实，不同大麦基因型之间存在大量的遗传变异。这些信息在基因组学中很有用，遗传学和大麦育种。
结果：平均基因多样性为0.253，多态性信息含量（PIC）为0.216，次要等位基因频率（MAF）为0.118，这表明大麦基因型的遗传变异很高。
结论：这项研究证实，不同大麦基因型之间存在大量的遗传变异。
