Abstract：
BACKGROUND: Skin care is a basic, daily activity performed by formal and informal caregivers from birth until end of life. Skin care activities are influenced by different factors, e.g., culture, knowledge, industrial developments and marketing activities. Therefore, various preferences, traditions, and behaviors exist worldwide including skin care of neonates and infants. The objective of this scoping review was to obtain an overview about the evidence of skin care activities in neonates and infants. Studies from 2010 were eligible if the population was (skin) healthy neonates and infants; if the concept was skin care interventions; and if the context was at home, in a community setting, in a pediatric outpatient service, or in a hospital. We searched for the literature via OVID in MEDLINE and Embase, in the Cochrane Library, in trial registries and for gray literature.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified 42 studies since 2010, which examined four main skin care interventions: bathing, wiping, washing, and topical application of leave-on products. Details of interventions were often not reported, and if they were, they were not comparable. The four skin care interventions focused on 13 different care goals, mainly prevention of skin diseases, maintaining skin barrier function, and improving (skin) health. We evaluated effects of skin care interventions using 57 different outcome domains; 39 of 57 were skin-related and 18 were not. Mostly, laboratory or instrumental measurements were used.
CONCLUSIONS: Our scoping review identified four skin care interventions with a broad heterogeneity of product categories and application details. Studies in skin care interventions should include all relevant information about product category and application details to ensure comparability of study results. This would be helpful in developing recommendations for formal and informal caregivers. We identified 13 skin care goals. \"Maintaining healthy skin/skin barrier function/skin barrier integrity,\" \"prevention of atopic dermatitis,\" \"cleansing,\" and \"improving skin barrier function\" were most often allocated to skin care interventions. There is substantial variability regarding outcome domains in skin care research. Our results support the need of developing core outcome sets in the field of skin care in healthy skin, especially in this age-group of neonates and infants.
CONCLUSIONS: We identified 42 studies since 2010, which examined four main skin care interventions: bathing, wiping, washing, and topical application of leave-on products. Details of interventions were often not reported, and if they were, they were not comparable. The four skin care interventions focused on 13 different care goals, mainly prevention of skin diseases, maintaining skin barrier function, and improving (skin) health. We evaluated effects of skin care interventions using 57 different outcome domains; 39 of 57 were skin-related and 18 were not. Mostly, laboratory or instrumental measurements were used.
CONCLUSIONS: Our scoping review identified four skin care interventions with a broad heterogeneity of product categories and application details. Studies in skin care interventions should include all relevant information about product category and application details to ensure comparability of study results. This would be helpful in developing recommendations for formal and informal caregivers. We identified 13 skin care goals. \"Maintaining healthy skin/skin barrier function/skin barrier integrity,\" \"prevention of atopic dermatitis,\" \"cleansing,\" and \"improving skin barrier function\" were most often allocated to skin care interventions. There is substantial variability regarding outcome domains in skin care research. Our results support the need of developing core outcome sets in the field of skin care in healthy skin, especially in this age-group of neonates and infants.
摘要：
背景皮肤护理是一个基本的，正式和非正式护理人员从出生到生命结束的日常活动。护肤活动受不同因素的影响，例如，文化,知识,工业发展和营销活动。因此,各种偏好，世界各地都有传统和行为，包括新生儿和婴儿的皮肤护理。这项范围审查的目的是获得有关新生儿和婴儿皮肤护理活动证据的概述。如果人群是(皮肤)健康的新生儿和婴儿，2010年的研究是合格的，如果这个概念是皮肤护理干预措施，如果上下文是在家里，在社区环境中，在儿科门诊或医院。我们通过OVID在Medline和Embase搜索文献，在Cochrane图书馆,在审判登记处和灰色文献中。摘要：自2010年以来，我们确定了42项研究，这些研究检查了四项主要的皮肤护理干预措施：洗澡，擦拭,washing,和外用免洗型产品。干预措施的细节往往没有报告，如果是，它们没有可比性。四种皮肤护理干预措施侧重于13种不同的护理目标，主要预防皮肤病，保持皮肤屏障功能和改善（皮肤）健康。我们使用57个不同的结果域评估了皮肤护理干预措施的效果；57个中有39个与皮肤相关，18个与皮肤无关。大多数情况下,使用实验室或仪器测量。我们的范围审查确定了四种皮肤护理干预措施，其产品类别和应用细节具有广泛的异质性。皮肤护理干预措施的研究应包括有关产品类别和应用细节的所有相关信息，以确保研究结果的可比性。这将有助于为正式和非正式护理人员制定建议。我们确定了13个护肤目标。“保持健康的皮肤/皮肤屏障功能/皮肤屏障完整性”，“预防特应性皮炎”，“清洁”和“改善皮肤屏障功能”通常被分配给皮肤护理干预措施。关于皮肤护理研究中的结果领域存在很大的差异。我们的结果支持在健康皮肤的皮肤护理领域开发核心结果集的需要，尤其是在这个年龄段的新生儿和婴儿。
