Abstract：
Despite the well-known health benefits of regular physical activity, inactivity remains a major public health concern. Understanding how the built environment can encourage physical activity is therefore important to inform current policy strategies for creating activity-friendly neighborhoods. This study aimed to examine whether neighborhood walkability and greenness were associated with physical activity, and if perceived safety moderated any such relations, among adult citizens in Norway.
This cross-sectional study included a sample of 5670 adults aged ≥ 18 years living in urban areas of Stavanger. Information on physical activity (PA) levels, perceived neighborhood safety, and socio-demography were obtained from questionnaire data collected in the Norwegian county public health survey of Rogaland. Geographic information systems were utilized to compute walkability, vegetation scores and proportion of green space within postcode areas, which subsequently were linked to the survey data. Hierarchical linear regression models were fitted to examine associations between walkability, amount of vegetation, proportion of green space and weekly minutes of PA, and to estimate main and interaction effects of perceived safety on these relationships.
The adults were on average physically active 148.3 min/week. The amount of green vegetation in the neighborhood was positively related to physical activity when adjusting for potential confounders. No such relations were observed for proportion of green space and walkability. Perceived neighborhood safety was significantly related to increased levels of physical activity, but no moderating role of perceived safety was observed.
Although our findings should be interpreted with caution, the results point towards the importance of policymakers, planners, and public health professionals to advocate for safe environments with green vegetation for physical activity in the neighborhood.
This cross-sectional study included a sample of 5670 adults aged ≥ 18 years living in urban areas of Stavanger. Information on physical activity (PA) levels, perceived neighborhood safety, and socio-demography were obtained from questionnaire data collected in the Norwegian county public health survey of Rogaland. Geographic information systems were utilized to compute walkability, vegetation scores and proportion of green space within postcode areas, which subsequently were linked to the survey data. Hierarchical linear regression models were fitted to examine associations between walkability, amount of vegetation, proportion of green space and weekly minutes of PA, and to estimate main and interaction effects of perceived safety on these relationships.
The adults were on average physically active 148.3 min/week. The amount of green vegetation in the neighborhood was positively related to physical activity when adjusting for potential confounders. No such relations were observed for proportion of green space and walkability. Perceived neighborhood safety was significantly related to increased levels of physical activity, but no moderating role of perceived safety was observed.
Although our findings should be interpreted with caution, the results point towards the importance of policymakers, planners, and public health professionals to advocate for safe environments with green vegetation for physical activity in the neighborhood.
摘要：
背景：尽管有规律的体育锻炼对健康有益，不活动仍然是一个主要的公共卫生问题。因此，了解建筑环境如何鼓励体育活动对于为当前创建活动友好型社区的政策策略提供信息非常重要。这项研究旨在检查邻里步行能力和绿色是否与身体活动有关，如果感知到的安全缓和了任何这样的关系，在挪威的成年公民中。
方法：这项横断面研究纳入了居住在斯塔万格市区的5670名年龄≥18岁的成年人的样本。关于身体活动（PA）水平的信息，感知到的邻里安全，和社会人口统计是从挪威Rogaland县公共卫生调查中收集的问卷调查数据中获得的。地理信息系统被用来计算步行能力，邮政编码区域内的植被分数和绿地比例，随后与调查数据相关联。拟合了分层线性回归模型，以检查步行能力之间的关联，大量的植被，绿地比例和PA的每周分钟数，并估计感知安全对这些关系的主要影响和交互影响。
结果：成年人平均每周运动148.3分钟。当调整潜在的混杂因素时，附近的绿色植被量与身体活动呈正相关。对于绿色空间和步行性的比例，没有观察到这种关系。感知到的邻里安全与身体活动水平的增加显着相关，但未观察到感知安全性的调节作用.
结论：尽管我们的发现应谨慎解释，结果指向决策者的重要性，规划者,和公共卫生专业人员倡导在附近有绿色植被进行体育活动的安全环境。
方法：这项横断面研究纳入了居住在斯塔万格市区的5670名年龄≥18岁的成年人的样本。关于身体活动（PA）水平的信息，感知到的邻里安全，和社会人口统计是从挪威Rogaland县公共卫生调查中收集的问卷调查数据中获得的。地理信息系统被用来计算步行能力，邮政编码区域内的植被分数和绿地比例，随后与调查数据相关联。拟合了分层线性回归模型，以检查步行能力之间的关联，大量的植被，绿地比例和PA的每周分钟数，并估计感知安全对这些关系的主要影响和交互影响。
结果：成年人平均每周运动148.3分钟。当调整潜在的混杂因素时，附近的绿色植被量与身体活动呈正相关。对于绿色空间和步行性的比例，没有观察到这种关系。感知到的邻里安全与身体活动水平的增加显着相关，但未观察到感知安全性的调节作用.
结论：尽管我们的发现应谨慎解释，结果指向决策者的重要性，规划者,和公共卫生专业人员倡导在附近有绿色植被进行体育活动的安全环境。
