Abstract：
John Bynner is a leading advocate of considering context in life course research. In this paper I review some of the ways contextual information on time and place may enrich the analysis of individual histories, as well as vice versa. I take three examples from my own research: (1) a late 20th century analysis of adult health and mortality in Britain where individual and area level evidence are combined; (2) a cross-national analysis of neighbourhood and family predictors of child outcomes at age five in Britain and the US from the early 2000s; and (3) workplace as the context of segregation and the gender pay gap in Britain as it changed over several decades to 2015. The article ends with a discussion of the pros and cons of incorporating contextual evidence in longitudinal survey data sets with reference to the UK Millennium Cohort Study, which John Bynner helped to bring into existence.
摘要：
JohnBynner是在生命历程研究中考虑背景的主要倡导者。在本文中，我回顾了有关时间和地点的上下文信息可能丰富对个人历史的分析的一些方式，反之亦然。我从自己的研究中举了三个例子：（1）20世纪后期对英国成人健康和死亡率的分析，其中结合了个人和地区水平的证据；（2）从2000年代初开始，对英国和美国五岁儿童结局的邻里和家庭预测因素进行了跨国分析；（3）工作场所是英国隔离和性别工资差距的背景，直到2015年为止。文章最后参考英国千年队列研究，讨论了在纵向调查数据集中纳入上下文证据的利弊，JohnBynner帮助实现了这个目标.
