Abstract：
The lifetime prevalence of urticaria, a severe allergic disease, is almost 20%. It not only limits the quality of life of those affected, but also their general performance at work and in their daily activities. This publication is the first section of the Urticaria Guideline. It covers the classification and diagnosis of urticaria, taking into account the major advances in research into its causes, triggering factors and pathomechanisms. It also addresses strategies for the efficient diagnosis of the different subtypes of urticaria. This is crucial for individual, patient-oriented treatment, which is covered in the second part of the guideline, published separately. This German-language guideline was developed according to the criteria of the AWMF on the basis of the international English-language S3 guideline with special consideration of health system characteristics in the German-speaking countries. This first part of the guideline describes the classification of urticaria, distinguishing spontaneously occurring wheals (hives) and angioedema from forms of urticaria with inducible symptoms. Urticaria is defined as sudden onset of wheals, angioedema, or both, but is to be distinguished from conditions in which wheals occur as a short-term symptom, such as anaphylaxis. The diagnosis is based on (a limited number of) laboratory tests, but especially on medical history. In addition, validated instruments are available to measure the severity, activity and course of the disease.
摘要：
荨麻疹的终生患病率，严重的过敏性疾病,几乎是20%。它不仅限制了受影响者的生活质量，还有他们在工作和日常活动中的一般表现。本出版物是荨麻疹指南的第一部分。它涵盖了荨麻疹的分类和诊断，考虑到其原因研究的重大进展，触发因素和病理机制。它还提出了有效诊断不同亚型荨麻疹的策略。这对个人来说至关重要，以病人为导向的治疗,这在指南的第二部分中涵盖，单独发布。该德语指南是根据AWMF的标准在国际英语S3指南的基础上制定的，并特别考虑了德语国家的卫生系统特征。指南的第一部分描述了荨麻疹的分类，区分自发发生的风团（荨麻疹）和血管性水肿与具有诱导症状的荨麻疹形式。荨麻疹被定义为突然发作的风团，血管性水肿,或者两者兼而有之,但要区别于以短期症状出现风团的情况，如过敏反应。诊断基于（有限数量的）实验室检查，尤其是病史。此外,已验证的仪器可用于测量严重程度，活动和病程。
