Abstract：
Selection is the first assessment of medical education and training. Medical schools must select from a pool of academically successful applicants and ensure that the way in which they choose future clinicians is robust, defensible, fair to all who apply and cost-effective. However, there is no comprehensive and evidence-informed guide to help those tasked with setting up or rejuvenating their local selection process. To address this gap, our guide draws on the latest research, international case studies and consideration of common dilemmas to provide practical guidance for designing, implementing and evaluating an effective medical school selection system. We draw on a model from the field of instructional design to frame the many different activities involved in doing so: the ADDIE model. ADDIE provides a systematic framework of Analysis (of the outcomes to be achieved by the selection process, and the barriers and facilitators to achieving these), Design (what tools and content are needed so the goals of selection are achieved), Development (what materials and resources are needed and available), Implementation (plan [including piloting], do study and adjust) and Evaluation (quality assurance is embedded throughout but the last step involves extensive evaluation of the entire process and its outcomes).HIGHLIGHTSRobust, defensible and fair selection into medical school is essential. This guide systematically covers the processes required to achieve this, from needs analysis through design, development and implementation, to evaluation of the success of a selection process.
摘要：
选择是医学教育和培训的首要评估。医学院必须从学术上成功的申请者中进行选择，并确保他们选择未来临床医生的方式是稳健的，防御,对所有申请和成本效益的人都公平。然而,没有全面和有证据的指南来帮助那些负责建立或振兴当地选拔程序的人。为了解决这个差距，我们的指南借鉴了最新的研究，国际案例研究和对常见困境的考虑，为设计提供实践指导，实施和评估有效的医学院选择系统。我们从教学设计领域中借鉴了一个模型，以构建这样做所涉及的许多不同活动：ADDIE模型。ADDIE提供了一个系统的分析框架(关于选择过程要实现的结果，以及实现这些目标的障碍和促进者)，设计（需要哪些工具和内容来实现选择的目标），发展（需要和可用的材料和资源），实施(计划[包括试点]，做研究和调整）和评估（质量保证贯穿始终，但最后一步涉及对整个过程及其结果的广泛评估）。突出显示，合理和公平的选择进入医学院是必不可少的。本指南系统地涵盖了实现这一目标所需的过程，从需求分析到设计，开发和实施，评估选择过程的成功。
