Abstract：
Antibiotic resistance is a serious global threat, and the misuse of antibiotics is considered its main cause. It is characterized by the expression of bacterial defense mechanisms, e.g., β-lactamases, expulsion pumps, and biofilm development. Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are antibiotic-resistant species that cause high morbidity and mortality. Several alternatives are proposed to defeat antibiotic resistance, including antimicrobial peptides, bacteriophages, and plant compounds. Terpenes from different plant essential oils have proven antimicrobial action against pathogenic bacteria, and evidence is being generated about their effect against antibiotic-resistant species. That is the case for oregano essential oil (Lippia graveolens), whose antibacterial effect is widely attributed to carvacrol, its main component; however, minor constituents could have an important contribution. The analyzed evidence reveals that most antibacterial evaluations have been performed on single species; however, it is necessary to analyze their activity against multispecies systems. Hence, another alternative is using plant compounds to inactivate hydrolytic enzymes and biofilms to potentiate antibiotics\' effects. Despite the promising results of plant terpenes, more extensive and deep mechanistic studies are needed involving antibiotic-resistant multispecies to understand their full potential against this problem.
摘要：
抗生素耐药性是一个严重的全球性威胁，滥用抗生素被认为是其主要原因。它的特点是细菌防御机制的表达，例如，β-内酰胺酶,排出泵,和生物膜的发展。鲍曼不动杆菌和铜绿假单胞菌是抗生素耐药物种，导致高发病率和死亡率。提出了几种替代方法来克服抗生素耐药性，包括抗菌肽,噬菌体,和植物化合物。来自不同植物精油的萜烯已被证明对病原菌具有抗菌作用，并且正在产生关于它们对抗生素抗性物种的影响的证据。牛至精油（Lippiagraveolens）就是这种情况，其抗菌作用广泛归因于香芹酚，它的主要组成部分；然而，次要选民可能有重要贡献。分析的证据表明，大多数抗菌评估是在单一物种上进行的；然而，有必要分析它们针对多物种系统的活动。因此，另一种选择是使用植物化合物使水解酶和生物膜失活，以增强抗生素的作用。尽管植物萜烯的结果很有希望，我们需要更广泛和更深入的机制研究,包括抗生素耐药的多物种,以了解它们对抗这一问题的全部潜力.
