Abstract：
This article reviews the synthesis of polyzwitterions (PZs) (poly-carboxybetaines, -phosphonobetaines, and -sulfobetaines) having multiple pH-responsive centers. The synthesis follows the Butler cyclopolymerization protocol involving a multitude of diallylammonium salts and their copolymerization with SO2 and maleic acid. The PZs have been transformed into cationic-, anionic-polyelectrolytes, and polyampholytes under the influence of pH. Particular attention is given to the application of these polymers as antiscalants, mild steel corrosion inhibitors, components in constructing Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPSs), and membrane modifiers. The ATPSs could be used to separate various biomolecules, including proteins. Many amphiphilic polymers incorporating a few mol % hydrophobic monomers have shown enhanced viscosities and could be suitable for applications in oil fields. The progress of applying Butler cyclopolymerization in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) chemistry has been discussed. Future works are expected to focus on RAFT cyclopolymerization to construct block copolymers.
摘要：
本文综述了聚两性离子（PZs）（聚羧基甜菜碱，-膦酰基甜菜碱，和-磺基甜菜碱）具有多个pH响应中心。该合成遵循Butler环聚方案,涉及多种二烯丙基铵盐及其与SO2和马来酸的共聚。PZ已经转变为阳离子-，阴离子-聚电解质，和聚两性电解质在pH值的影响下。特别注意这些聚合物作为防垢剂的应用，低碳钢缓蚀剂，构建双水相系统（ATPS）的组件，和膜改性剂。ATPS可用于分离各种生物分子，包括蛋白质。许多含有几mol%疏水单体的两亲聚合物显示出增强的粘度,并可适用于油田应用。讨论了在可逆加成-断裂链转移（RAFT）化学中应用Butler环化聚合的进展。未来的工作有望集中在RAFT环聚合以构建嵌段共聚物。
