{Reference Type}: Journal Article
{Title}: Stimuli-Responsive Macromolecular Architecture by Butler Cyclopolymerizations: Synthesis and Applications.
{Author}: Ali SA;Al-Muallem HA;Mazumder MAJ;
{Journal}: Chem Rec
{Volume}: 23
{Issue}: 2
{Year}: Feb 2023
{Factor}: 6.935
{DOI}: 10.1002/tcr.202200235
{Abstract}: This article reviews the synthesis of polyzwitterions (PZs) (poly-carboxybetaines, -phosphonobetaines, and -sulfobetaines) having multiple pH-responsive centers. The synthesis follows the Butler cyclopolymerization protocol involving a multitude of diallylammonium salts and their copolymerization with SO2 and maleic acid. The PZs have been transformed into cationic-, anionic-polyelectrolytes, and polyampholytes under the influence of pH. Particular attention is given to the application of these polymers as antiscalants, mild steel corrosion inhibitors, components in constructing Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (ATPSs), and membrane modifiers. The ATPSs could be used to separate various biomolecules, including proteins. Many amphiphilic polymers incorporating a few mol % hydrophobic monomers have shown enhanced viscosities and could be suitable for applications in oil fields. The progress of applying Butler cyclopolymerization in reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) chemistry has been discussed. Future works are expected to focus on RAFT cyclopolymerization to construct block copolymers.