Abstract：
OBJECTIVE: Currently, the microbiological diagnosis of genital infections is carried out with molecular methods, which allow the detection of less frequent etiological agents but with potential pathogenic importance, such as Haemophilus spp. The objective of this review is to analyse and highlight the clinical importance of the isolation of Haemophilus spp. in genital and rectal infections, excluding Haemophilus ducreyi.
METHODS: A systematic review was carried out based on an exhaustive search of the publications included in the MEDLINE database up to August 5, 2021, on the presence of Haemophilus spp. in genital and rectal infections, excluding H. ducreyi.
RESULTS: After reviewing what was described in the literature, Haemophilus spp. (excluding H. ducreyi: HSNOD) was detected in 2397 episodes of genital infection, the most frequently isolated species being H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae. Most of the episodes (87,6%) are constituted by single isolation. There is a slight predominance in women (48,3%) where it can cause vaginitis, salpingitis, endometritis or complications during pregnancy. In men, the clinical picture usually corresponds to urethritis. Most of the samples correspond to vaginal and urethral exudates, with a minority representation at the rectal level (2.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: HSNOD plays a relevant pathogenic role in episodes of genital infection, so microbiological diagnostic protocols must include methods that allow their detection, as well as include them in the etiological spectrum of this type of clinical picture.
METHODS: A systematic review was carried out based on an exhaustive search of the publications included in the MEDLINE database up to August 5, 2021, on the presence of Haemophilus spp. in genital and rectal infections, excluding H. ducreyi.
RESULTS: After reviewing what was described in the literature, Haemophilus spp. (excluding H. ducreyi: HSNOD) was detected in 2397 episodes of genital infection, the most frequently isolated species being H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae. Most of the episodes (87,6%) are constituted by single isolation. There is a slight predominance in women (48,3%) where it can cause vaginitis, salpingitis, endometritis or complications during pregnancy. In men, the clinical picture usually corresponds to urethritis. Most of the samples correspond to vaginal and urethral exudates, with a minority representation at the rectal level (2.3%).
CONCLUSIONS: HSNOD plays a relevant pathogenic role in episodes of genital infection, so microbiological diagnostic protocols must include methods that allow their detection, as well as include them in the etiological spectrum of this type of clinical picture.
摘要：
目标：目前，生殖器感染的微生物学诊断是用分子方法进行的，这允许检测不太频繁的病原体，但具有潜在的致病性重要性，如嗜血杆菌。这篇综述的目的是分析和强调分离嗜血杆菌的临床重要性。生殖器和直肠感染，不包括杜克雷嗜血杆菌.
方法：根据截至2021年8月5日MEDLINE数据库中关于嗜血杆菌存在的出版物的详尽搜索，进行了系统评价。生殖器和直肠感染，不包括H.Ducreyi.
结果：在回顾了文献中描述的内容后，嗜血杆菌。（不包括H.Ducreyi：HSNOD）在2397次生殖器感染发作中检测到，最常见的分离物种是流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌。大多数发作（87,6％）由单一隔离构成。在女性中有轻微的优势（48,3％），它可以引起阴道炎，输卵管炎,子宫内膜炎或怀孕期间的并发症。在男人中，临床表现通常对应于尿道炎。大多数样本对应于阴道和尿道分泌物，在直肠水平上有少数代表（2.3％）。
结论：HSNOD在生殖器感染发作中起相关的致病作用，所以微生物诊断方案必须包括允许检测它们的方法，以及将它们包括在这种类型的临床表现的病因谱中。
方法：根据截至2021年8月5日MEDLINE数据库中关于嗜血杆菌存在的出版物的详尽搜索，进行了系统评价。生殖器和直肠感染，不包括H.Ducreyi.
结果：在回顾了文献中描述的内容后，嗜血杆菌。（不包括H.Ducreyi：HSNOD）在2397次生殖器感染发作中检测到，最常见的分离物种是流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌。大多数发作（87,6％）由单一隔离构成。在女性中有轻微的优势（48,3％），它可以引起阴道炎，输卵管炎,子宫内膜炎或怀孕期间的并发症。在男人中，临床表现通常对应于尿道炎。大多数样本对应于阴道和尿道分泌物，在直肠水平上有少数代表（2.3％）。
结论：HSNOD在生殖器感染发作中起相关的致病作用，所以微生物诊断方案必须包括允许检测它们的方法，以及将它们包括在这种类型的临床表现的病因谱中。
