Abstract：
To summarize the evidence on the association between the intake of legumes and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) overall, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke, and to identify optimal intake levels for reduced disease risk through a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.
We have systematically searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to March, 2022 for the retrieval of intervention and observational studies (PROSPERO Reg. number: CRD42021247565). Pooled relative risks (RRs) comparing extreme categories of intake were computed using random-effects models. One-stage dose-response meta-analyses were also performed using random-effects models. 22 831 articles were screened resulting in 26 eligible observational studies (21 prospective cohort and 5 case-control studies). When comparing extreme categories of intake, the consumption of legumes was inversely associated with CVD (n = 25: RR = 0.94; 95%CI:0.89,0.99) and CHD (n = 16: RR = 0.90; 95%CI:0.85,0.96), but not with stroke (n = 9: RR = 1.00; 95%CI:0.93,1.08). We further found evidence for an inverse dose-response association with CHD, increasing in magnitude up to an intake of 400 g/week, after which the benefit seems to level-off.
The intake of legumes was associated with a reduced risk of CVD and CHD, but not with stroke, among individuals with the highest consumption levels. An intake level of 400 g/week seemed to provide the optimal cardiovascular benefit. Further research is needed to better understand the role of legumes in stroke subtypes.
We have systematically searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science up to March, 2022 for the retrieval of intervention and observational studies (PROSPERO Reg. number: CRD42021247565). Pooled relative risks (RRs) comparing extreme categories of intake were computed using random-effects models. One-stage dose-response meta-analyses were also performed using random-effects models. 22 831 articles were screened resulting in 26 eligible observational studies (21 prospective cohort and 5 case-control studies). When comparing extreme categories of intake, the consumption of legumes was inversely associated with CVD (n = 25: RR = 0.94; 95%CI:0.89,0.99) and CHD (n = 16: RR = 0.90; 95%CI:0.85,0.96), but not with stroke (n = 9: RR = 1.00; 95%CI:0.93,1.08). We further found evidence for an inverse dose-response association with CHD, increasing in magnitude up to an intake of 400 g/week, after which the benefit seems to level-off.
The intake of legumes was associated with a reduced risk of CVD and CHD, but not with stroke, among individuals with the highest consumption levels. An intake level of 400 g/week seemed to provide the optimal cardiovascular benefit. Further research is needed to better understand the role of legumes in stroke subtypes.
摘要：
目的：总结豆类摄入量与心血管疾病（CVD）总体风险之间关联的证据，冠心病（CHD）和中风，并通过系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析确定降低疾病风险的最佳摄入水平。
结果：我们系统地搜索了PubMed，截至3月，Scopus和WebofScience，2022年用于干预和观察性研究的检索(PROSPEROReg.编号:CRD42021247565)。使用随机效应模型计算比较极端摄入量类别的集合相对风险(RR)。还使用随机效应模型进行了一阶段剂量反应荟萃分析。对22.831篇文章进行了筛选，获得了26项符合条件的观察性研究（21项前瞻性队列研究和5项病例对照研究）。当比较极端类别的摄入量时，豆类的消费与CVD（n=25：RR=0.94;95CI：0.89,0.99）和CHD（n=16：RR=0.90;95CI：0.8,0.96）呈负相关，但与卒中无关（n=9：RR=1.00；95CI：0.93,1.08）。我们进一步发现了与冠心病剂量反应相反的证据，增加到400克/周的摄入量，之后，福利似乎趋于平稳。
结论：摄入豆类与心血管疾病和冠心病的风险降低有关，但不是中风，在消费水平最高的个人中。400克/周的摄入水平似乎提供了最佳的心血管益处。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解豆类在中风亚型中的作用。
结果：我们系统地搜索了PubMed，截至3月，Scopus和WebofScience，2022年用于干预和观察性研究的检索(PROSPEROReg.编号:CRD42021247565)。使用随机效应模型计算比较极端摄入量类别的集合相对风险(RR)。还使用随机效应模型进行了一阶段剂量反应荟萃分析。对22.831篇文章进行了筛选，获得了26项符合条件的观察性研究（21项前瞻性队列研究和5项病例对照研究）。当比较极端类别的摄入量时，豆类的消费与CVD（n=25：RR=0.94;95CI：0.89,0.99）和CHD（n=16：RR=0.90;95CI：0.8,0.96）呈负相关，但与卒中无关（n=9：RR=1.00；95CI：0.93,1.08）。我们进一步发现了与冠心病剂量反应相反的证据，增加到400克/周的摄入量，之后，福利似乎趋于平稳。
结论：摄入豆类与心血管疾病和冠心病的风险降低有关，但不是中风，在消费水平最高的个人中。400克/周的摄入水平似乎提供了最佳的心血管益处。需要进一步的研究来更好地了解豆类在中风亚型中的作用。
