Abstract：
Halophytes are plant species widely distributed in saline habitats, such as beaches, postindustrial wastelands, irrigated lands, salt flats, and others. Excessive salt level, known to limit plant growth, is not harmful to halophytes, which have developed a variety of defense mechanisms allowing them to colonize harsh environments. Plants under stress are known to respond with several morpho-anatomical adaptations, but also to enhance the production of secondary metabolites to better cope with difficult conditions. Owing to these adaptations, halophytes are an interesting group of undemanding plants with a high potential for application in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, this review aims to present the characteristics of halophytes, describe changes in their gene expression, and discuss their synthesized metabolites of pharmacognostic and pharmacological significance. Lobularia maritima is characterized as a widely spread halophyte that has been shown to exhibit various pharmacological properties in vitro and in vivo. It is concluded that halophytes may become important sources of natural products for the treatment of various ailments and for supplementing the human diet with necessary non-nutrients and minerals. However, extensive studies are needed to deepen the knowledge of their biological potential in vivo, so that they can be introduced to the pharmaceutical and food industries.
摘要：
盐生植物是广泛分布于盐碱地的植物,比如海滩，后工业荒地，灌溉土地,盐滩，和其他人。过量的盐水平，已知限制植物生长，对盐生植物无害，他们开发了各种防御机制，使他们能够在恶劣的环境中定居。已知胁迫下的植物会对几种形态解剖适应做出反应，还能增强次生代谢产物的产生，以更好地应对困难条件。由于这些适应，盐生植物是一个有趣的一组要求不高的植物，在食品和制药行业具有很高的应用潜力。因此,这篇综述旨在介绍盐生植物的特征，描述它们基因表达的变化，并讨论其合成代谢产物的生药学和药理意义。马尾藻的特征是广泛分布的盐生植物，已显示出在体外和体内表现出各种药理特性。结论是，盐生植物可能成为天然产物的重要来源，用于治疗各种疾病以及为人类饮食补充必要的非营养素和矿物质。然而,需要广泛的研究来加深对其体内生物潜力的认识，以便它们可以被引入制药和食品工业。
