Abstract：
BACKGROUND: In the United States, we have a healthcare system crisis with high rates of dissatisfaction among patients and providers. To transform health and healthcare, clinical providers must be proficient in the human-centered approach of design thinking (DT).
OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the human-centered design (HCD) and DT literature for the creation of health interventions.
METHODS: We performed an integrative literature review focused on how HCD and DT are used in the clinical healthcare setting. Four research databases were searched from inception through November 6, 2020. We analyzed the methodology used, who is using the frameworks, and the DT phases included.
RESULTS: Twenty-four articles were included in the final analysis. Of the 24 manuscripts, 6 (25%) were nurse-led and 15 (63%) had interdisciplinary first and last authors (e.g., Nursing and Medicine). Overall, 10/24 (42%) included all DT method. When analyzing the articles by approach or methodology, 12 (50%) stated they were using the HCD approach, 5 (21%) the DT methodology, and 7 (29%) stated they were using both the HCD approach and DT methodology.
CONCLUSIONS: There are inconsistencies in who uses DT and the phases used to create healthcare interventions.
OBJECTIVE: To synthesize the human-centered design (HCD) and DT literature for the creation of health interventions.
METHODS: We performed an integrative literature review focused on how HCD and DT are used in the clinical healthcare setting. Four research databases were searched from inception through November 6, 2020. We analyzed the methodology used, who is using the frameworks, and the DT phases included.
RESULTS: Twenty-four articles were included in the final analysis. Of the 24 manuscripts, 6 (25%) were nurse-led and 15 (63%) had interdisciplinary first and last authors (e.g., Nursing and Medicine). Overall, 10/24 (42%) included all DT method. When analyzing the articles by approach or methodology, 12 (50%) stated they were using the HCD approach, 5 (21%) the DT methodology, and 7 (29%) stated they were using both the HCD approach and DT methodology.
CONCLUSIONS: There are inconsistencies in who uses DT and the phases used to create healthcare interventions.
摘要：
背景：在美国，我们有一个医疗保健系统危机，患者和提供者的不满情绪很高。为了改变健康和医疗保健，临床提供者必须精通以人为中心的设计思维（DT）方法。
目的：综合以人为中心的设计（HCD）和DT文献，以创建健康干预措施。
方法：我们进行了综合文献综述，重点关注HCD和DT在临床医疗环境中的应用。从成立到2020年11月6日，搜索了四个研究数据库。我们分析了使用的方法，谁在使用框架，包括DT阶段。
结果：最终分析包括24篇文章。在24份手稿中，6名(25%)是护士主导的，15名(63%)是跨学科的第一作者和最后作者(例如，护理和医学)。总的来说,10/24(42%)包括所有DT方法。当通过方法或方法分析文章时，12(50%)表示他们正在使用HCD方法，5（21%）DT方法，7人(29%)表示他们同时使用HCD方法和DT方法。
结论：使用DT的人和用于创建医疗保健干预的阶段存在不一致。
目的：综合以人为中心的设计（HCD）和DT文献，以创建健康干预措施。
方法：我们进行了综合文献综述，重点关注HCD和DT在临床医疗环境中的应用。从成立到2020年11月6日，搜索了四个研究数据库。我们分析了使用的方法，谁在使用框架，包括DT阶段。
结果：最终分析包括24篇文章。在24份手稿中，6名(25%)是护士主导的，15名(63%)是跨学科的第一作者和最后作者(例如，护理和医学)。总的来说,10/24(42%)包括所有DT方法。当通过方法或方法分析文章时，12(50%)表示他们正在使用HCD方法，5（21%）DT方法，7人(29%)表示他们同时使用HCD方法和DT方法。
结论：使用DT的人和用于创建医疗保健干预的阶段存在不一致。
