背景:埃希氏菌。大肠杆菌是新德里金属β-内酰胺酶(NDM)的最常见宿主,该酶水解除氨曲南以外的几乎所有β-内酰胺。携带blaNDM的大肠杆菌在全球范围内的传播严重威胁着公众健康。
目的:本研究旨在探索携带blaNDM的大肠杆菌分离株的全球基因组流行病学,提供防止此类菌株传播的信息。
方法:从NCBI数据库下载全球大肠杆菌基因组,并使用BLASTP检测blaNDM。每个软件用于提取主机上的元信息,资源,收集数据,和来自GenBank的原籍国。用CLCWorkbench分析了抗菌药耐药基因(ARG)的序列类型(STs)和分布,血清型和毒力基因(VF)通过将基因组提交到网站进行分析。进行统计分析以获得ARG和质粒复制子之间的关系。
结果:直到2023年3月,在2003-2022年收集的33,055个分离株中,有1,774个被发现含有blaNDM。其中,发现了15种blaNDM变体,其中blaNDM-5(74.1%)最常见,其次是blaNDM-1(16.6%)和blaNDM-9(4.6%)。在确定的213个ARG中,发现了27个blaCTX-M和39个blaTEM变体,其中blaCTX-M-15(n=438,24.7%)和blaTEM-1B(n=1092,61.6%)是最常见的变体,分别。此外,546(30.8%)质粒介导的ampC基因,还检测到508个(28.6%)外源获得的16SrRNA甲基转移酶编码基因和262个(14.8%)mcr。在232个不同的ST中,ST167(17.2%)是最普遍的。至于质粒,超过一半的分离株含有IncFII,IncFIB和IncX3。VFterC,gad,traT和ISS以及血清型O101:H9(n=231,13.0%),经常观察到O8:H9(n=115,6.5%)和O9:H30(n=99,5.6%)。
结论:该研究深入研究了质粒类型之间的复杂关系,毒力因子,和ARGs,这为临床治疗和公共卫生干预提供了有价值的见解,并作为指导未来研究的重要资源,监视,并实施有效的策略来应对携带blaNDM的大肠杆菌带来的挑战。调查结果强调了持续的全球合作的迫切需要,监视工作,和抗菌药物管理,以减轻这些高度耐药菌株对公共卫生的影响。
BACKGROUND: Escherichia. coli is the most frequent host for New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM) which hydrolyzes almost all β-lactams except aztreonam. The worldwide spread of blaNDM-carrying E. coli heavily threatens public health.
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the global genomic epidemiology of blaNDM- carrying E. coli isolates, providing information for preventing the dissemination of such strains.
METHODS: Global E. coli genomes were downloaded from NCBI database and blaNDM was detected using BLASTP. Per software was used to extract meta information on hosts, resources, collection data, and countries of origin from GenBank. The sequence types (STs) and distribution of antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) were analyzed by CLC Workbench; Plasmid replicons, serotypes and virulence genes (VFs) were analyzed by submitting the genomes to the websites. Statistical analyses were performed to access the relationships among ARGs and plasmid replicons.
RESULTS: Until March 2023, 1,774 out of 33,055 isolates collected during 2003-2022 were found to contain blaNDM in total. Among them, 15 blaNDM variants were found with blaNDM-5 (74.1%) being most frequent, followed by blaNDM-1 (16.6%) and blaNDM-9 (4.6%). Among the 213 ARGs identified, 27 blaCTX-M and 39 blaTEM variants were found with blaCTX-M-15 (n = 438, 24.7%) and blaTEM-1B (n = 1092, 61.6%) being the most frequent ones, respectively. In addition, 546 (30.8%) plasmids mediated ampC genes, 508 (28.6%) exogenously acquired 16 S rRNA methyltransferase encoding genes and 262 (14.8%) mcr were also detected. Among the 232 distinct STs, ST167 (17.2%) were the most prevalent. As for plasmids, more than half of isolates contained IncFII, IncFIB and IncX3. The VF terC, gad, traT and iss as well as the serotypes O101:H9 (n = 231, 13.0%), O8:H9 (n = 115, 6.5%) and O9:H30 (n = 99, 5.6%) were frequently observed.
CONCLUSIONS: The study delves into the intricate relationship between plasmid types, virulence factors, and ARGs, which provides valuable insights for clinical treatment and public health interventions, and serves as a critical resource for guiding future research, surveillance, and implementation of effective strategies to address the challenges posed by blaNDM-carrying E. coli. The findings underscore the urgent need for sustained global collaboration, surveillance efforts, and antimicrobial stewardship to mitigate the impact of these highly resistant strains on public health.