PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with increasing prevalence per hour. Cataracts are one of the most common eye complications, and they affect all structures of the eye. The incidence of cataracts is increasing in patients with diabetes by several mechanisms. With the advancement of technology, cataract surgery is now a necessary procedure for diabetic patients. High-risk complications, like diabetic macular oedema, diabetic retinopathy (DR), phakic, postoperative cyst, and postoperative macular oedema, and macular oedema and endophthalmitis following surgery for a pseudocyst, could result in blindness. The importance of preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors cannot be overestimated in managing complications and improving visual outcomes. DR can be a severe problem if it worsens and causes non-proliferative or proliferative DR or if fluid accumulation in the eye is diagnosed as macular oedema. A woman progressing to sight-threatening DR during childbearing age experiences distress and often requires ocular treatment. Diabetes that has been present for a more extended period, as well as more significant hyperglycaemia, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, and elevated blood pressure, substantially predict the development of DR. Oxidative stress can be caused by hyperglycaemia, irregular metabolic processes, and people with DR developing neurodegeneration. Therefore, controlling postprandial hyperglycaemia is crucial for preventing DR. Femtosecond laser technology, multifocal intraocular lenses, and other surgical innovations are popularly referred to as surgical management; it will be engaged in the coming era to determine whether there will be a continued reduction in the complication of cataract surgery. This article aims to review the correlation of DR with stroke and its screening and to outline the critical management strategies.
摘要：
糖尿病是一种慢性代谢性疾病，每小时患病率不断增加。白内障是最常见的眼部并发症之一，它们会影响眼睛的所有结构。糖尿病患者白内障的发病率通过几种机制增加。随着技术的进步,白内障手术现在是糖尿病患者的必要手术。高危并发症,比如糖尿病性黄斑水肿，糖尿病视网膜病变（DR），Phakic,术后囊肿,术后黄斑水肿，假性囊肿手术后黄斑水肿和眼内炎，可能会导致失明。术前的重要性，术中,和术后因素在控制并发症和改善视觉结果方面不能过高估计。如果DR恶化并导致非增生性或增生性DR，或者如果眼中的液体积聚被诊断为黄斑水肿，则DR可能是一个严重的问题。在育龄期发展到威胁视力的DR的妇女经历痛苦并且经常需要眼部治疗。糖尿病已经存在了更长时间，以及更严重的高血糖症，高血压,心血管疾病,血压升高,大幅预测DR的发展。氧化应激可由高血糖引起，不规则的代谢过程，和患有DR的人正在发展神经变性。因此,控制餐后高血糖对预防DR至关重要。飞秒激光技术,多焦点人工晶状体,和其他手术创新被普遍称为手术管理;它将从事在未来的时代，以确定是否会继续减少白内障手术的并发症。本文旨在回顾DR与卒中的相关性及其筛查，并概述关键管理策略。
