PDF(Pubmed)
Abstract：
UNASSIGNED: Heart rate (HR), especially at nighttime, is an important biomarker for cardiovascular health. It is known to be influenced by overall physical fitness, as well as daily life physical or psychological stressors like exercise, insufficient sleep, excess alcohol, certain foods, socialization, or air travel causing physiological arousal of the body. However, the exact mechanisms by which these stressors affect nighttime HR are unclear and may be highly idiographic (i.e. individual-specific). A single-case or \"n-of-1\" observational study (N1OS) is useful in exploring such suggested effects by examining each subject\'s exposure to both stressors and baseline conditions, thereby characterizing suggested effects specific to that individual.
UNASSIGNED: Our objective was to test and generate individual-specific N1OS hypotheses of the suggested effects of daily life stressors on nighttime HR. As an N1OS, this study provides conclusions for each participant, thus not requiring a representative population.
UNASSIGNED: We studied three healthy, nonathlete individuals, collecting the data for up to four years. Additionally, we evaluated model-twin randomization (MoTR), a novel Monte Carlo method facilitating the discovery of personalized interventions on stressors in daily life.
UNASSIGNED: We found that physical activity can increase the nighttime heart rate amplitude, whereas there were no strong conclusions about its suggested effect on total sleep time. Self-reported states such as exercise, yoga, and stress were associated with increased (for the first two) and decreased (last one) average nighttime heart rate.
UNASSIGNED: This study implemented the MoTR method evaluating the suggested effects of daily stressors on nighttime heart rate, sleep time, and physical activity in an individualized way: via the N-of-1 approach. A Python implementation of MoTR is freely available.
UNASSIGNED: Our objective was to test and generate individual-specific N1OS hypotheses of the suggested effects of daily life stressors on nighttime HR. As an N1OS, this study provides conclusions for each participant, thus not requiring a representative population.
UNASSIGNED: We studied three healthy, nonathlete individuals, collecting the data for up to four years. Additionally, we evaluated model-twin randomization (MoTR), a novel Monte Carlo method facilitating the discovery of personalized interventions on stressors in daily life.
UNASSIGNED: We found that physical activity can increase the nighttime heart rate amplitude, whereas there were no strong conclusions about its suggested effect on total sleep time. Self-reported states such as exercise, yoga, and stress were associated with increased (for the first two) and decreased (last one) average nighttime heart rate.
UNASSIGNED: This study implemented the MoTR method evaluating the suggested effects of daily stressors on nighttime heart rate, sleep time, and physical activity in an individualized way: via the N-of-1 approach. A Python implementation of MoTR is freely available.
摘要：
未经证实：心率（HR），尤其是在夜间,是心血管健康的重要生物标志物。众所周知，它受到整体身体健康的影响，以及日常生活中的生理或心理压力源，如运动，睡眠不足,酒精过量,某些食物,社会化,或航空旅行引起身体的生理唤醒。然而,这些应激源影响夜间HR的确切机制尚不清楚,可能是高度特异性的(即个体特异性).单例或“n-of-1”观察性研究（N1OS）有助于通过检查每个受试者对压力源和基线条件的暴露来探索这种建议的影响，从而表征该个体特有的建议效果。
UNASSIGNED：我们的目标是测试并生成针对日常生活压力源对夜间HR的建议影响的个人特定N1OS假设。作为N1OS,这项研究为每个参与者提供了结论，因此不需要有代表性的人口。
未经评估：我们研究了三种健康的，非运动员个人，收集数据长达四年。此外,我们评估了模型双生随机化(MoTR)，一种新颖的蒙特卡洛方法，有助于发现日常生活中压力源的个性化干预措施。
UNASSIGNED：我们发现体育锻炼可以增加夜间心率幅度，然而，关于其对总睡眠时间的建议影响没有强有力的结论。自我报告的状态，如锻炼，瑜伽,和压力与增加（前两个）和减少（最后一个）平均夜间心率相关。
UNASSIGNED：本研究实施了MoTR方法，评估了每日压力源对夜间心率的建议影响，睡眠时间,和身体活动的个性化方式：通过N-of-1方法。MoTR的Python实现是免费提供的。
UNASSIGNED：我们的目标是测试并生成针对日常生活压力源对夜间HR的建议影响的个人特定N1OS假设。作为N1OS,这项研究为每个参与者提供了结论，因此不需要有代表性的人口。
未经评估：我们研究了三种健康的，非运动员个人，收集数据长达四年。此外,我们评估了模型双生随机化(MoTR)，一种新颖的蒙特卡洛方法，有助于发现日常生活中压力源的个性化干预措施。
UNASSIGNED：我们发现体育锻炼可以增加夜间心率幅度，然而，关于其对总睡眠时间的建议影响没有强有力的结论。自我报告的状态，如锻炼，瑜伽,和压力与增加（前两个）和减少（最后一个）平均夜间心率相关。
UNASSIGNED：本研究实施了MoTR方法，评估了每日压力源对夜间心率的建议影响，睡眠时间,和身体活动的个性化方式：通过N-of-1方法。MoTR的Python实现是免费提供的。
