This review first discusses clinical opportunities for rescue medications, with particular attention focused on seizure clusters and prolonged seizures, including their epidemiology, risk factors, and associated morbidity. Current rescue medications, their indications, efficacy, and adverse effects are discussed. We then discuss rescue medications and formulations which are currently under development, concentrating on practical aspects relevant for clinical care.
Rescue medications should be considered for all people with epilepsy with ongoing seizures. Recent rescue medications including intranasal formulations provide considerable advantages. New rescue medications are being developed which may expand opportunities for effective treatment. In the future, combining rescue medications with seizure detection and seizure prediction technologies should further expand opportunities for use and should reduce the morbidity of seizures and provide increased comfort, control, and quality of life for people living with epilepsy.
这篇综述首先讨论了抢救药物的临床机会,特别关注癫痫发作集群和长期癫痫发作,包括他们的流行病学,危险因素,和相关的发病率。目前的救援药物,他们的适应症,功效,并讨论了不利影响。然后我们讨论目前正在开发的救援药物和配方,专注于与临床护理相关的实践方面。
所有癫痫持续发作的患者都应考虑使用抢救药物。包括鼻内制剂在内的最近的抢救药物提供了相当大的优点。正在开发新的救援药物,这可能会扩大有效治疗的机会。在未来,将救援药物与癫痫发作检测和癫痫发作预测技术相结合,应进一步扩大使用机会,并应降低癫痫发作的发病率并提供更多的舒适度,control,以及癫痫患者的生活质量。